The Lives and Opinions of Eminent Philosophers

by Diogenes Laertius

[142] This is a quotation from Theognis.

[143] From the Trachiniæ of Sophocles, 1784.

[144] There is some hopeless corruption in the text here. Nor has any one succeeded in making it intelligible. The French translator divides it into two maxims.

[145] There in some great corruption here again. The French translator takes 19, 20, and 21 all as one.

---

INDEX.

⁂ The Roman numerals refer to the sections, the Arabic figures to the pages.

• Æschines, a rhetorician, vii. [80].
• calumniated, iii. [79].
• lectured at Athens, iv. [80].
• son of a sausage seller, i. [79].
• Alcmæon, Crotona, his view of the soul, [371].
• Anacharsis, inventions of, ii. [48].
• letter to Crœsus, [49].
• received by Solon, iii. [47].
• return to Scythia, iv. [47].
• sayings of, v. [47].
• one of the wise, [46].
• Anaxagoras, called Mind, i. [59].
• epigrams on, x. [62].
• first prose writer, viii. [61].
• opinions of, iii. [59].
• prosecuted for impiety, ix. [61].
• Anaxarchus, called Happy, iii. [401].
• intimate with Alexander, [400].
• Nicocreon, his enemy, [401].
• Anaximander, the astronomer, [57].
• Anaximenes, letters to Pythagoras, [58].
• Annicereans, their opinions, x. [92].
• Antisthenes, doctrines of, v. [220].
• founds a manly Stoic school, viii. [221].
• love of life, x. [223].
• pupil of Gorgias, ii. [217].
• sayings of, iv. [218].
• writings of, ix. [222].
• Arcesilaus, a favourite of Eumenes and Hierocles, xiv. [168].
• an admirer of Plato, viii. [165].
• a poet, iv. [164].
• axiomatic and free-spoken, x. [165].
• death from excess, x. [170].
• disliked talkativeness, [166].
• founder of the Middle Academy, ii. [163].
• goes to Crantor, iii. [163].
• letter to Thaumasias, xix. [170].
• liberal with money, xiii. [167].
• vices of, xvi. [168].
• Archelaus, [62].
• a natural philosopher, ii. [62].
• opinions on heat and cold, &c. iii. [63].
• —— production of animals, iii. [63].
• Archytas, general at Tarentum, [369].
• letter to Plato and reply, iv. [369].
• mathematician, vii. [370].
• Aristippus, a favourite of Dionysius, iii. [81].
• opinions of, on pain and pleasure, [90].
• retorts, iv. [82].
• school of philosophy, viii. [89].
• sycophancy, iv. [82].
• teaches for money, ii. [81].
• wealth, iv. [82].
• writings, vi. [88].
• Ariston, the bald, called Siren, i. [318].
• an eloquent philosopher, vi. [319].
• his writings, vii. [319].
• Aristotle, apophthegms, xi. [187].
• death from poison, vii. [182].
• hymn to Hermias, [183].
• leaves Plato, iv. [181].
• lived in Philip’s court, vi. [182].
• opinions, criterion of truth, [192].
• —— friendship, [192].
• —— God, [193].
• —— philosophy, [191].
• Plato’s most eminent pupil, ii. [181].
• peripatetic, why so called, iv. [181].
• scheme for early waking, x. [186].
• school at Athens, vii. [182].
• will of, ix. [185].
• writings, many, xii. [189].
• Bias, the wise, [38].
• declines the tripod, i. [38].
• death of, in court, iv. [39].
• eloquent and just as a lawyer, iii. [39].
• a poet, v. [39].
• sayings of, v. [39].
• stratagem to save Priene, his native city, ii. [39].
• Bion, apophthegms of, iii. [172].
• change of schools, iv. [173].
• fear of death, x. [175].
• fond of theatre, v. [174].
• poverty of, i. [171].
• selfishness of, ix. [174].
• Carneades, his letters, viii. [178].
• well read in Stoic lore, ii. [177].
• industry of, iii. [178].
• his fear of death, vii. [178].
• Cebes, the Theban, [105].
• Charondas, account of, [note, 345].
• Chilo, the wise one of, [32].
• brief in speech, v. [34].
• death of, through joy, v. [34].
• letter to Periander, v. [34].
• opinion as to Cythera, iv. [33].
• saying about suretyship, v. [34].
• sayings of, ii. [33].
• Chrysippus, his abilities, ii. [327].
• his books, xii. [331].
• his industry, iii. [328].
• his questions, xi. [330].
• a pupil of Cleanthes, i. [327].
• his self-esteem, iv. [329].
• said to be an indecent writer, xii. [331].
• Cleanthes, a boxer, [322].
• books of, ii. [325].
• called an ass, iv. [323].
• poor and industrious, ii. [322].
• slow of intellect, iii. [323].
• starved himself, vii. [326].
• wrote on oyster shells, &c. for want of paper, iv. [323].
• Cleobulus, one of the wise men, [41].
• apophthegms of, iv. [42].
• letter to Solon, vi. [43].
• Clitomachus, disciple and successor of Carneades, [179].
• Crantor, a poet, vi. [162].
• a pupil of Polemo, iii. [161].
• retires to temple of Æsculapius, iv. [161].
• Crates, a pupil of Polemo, [160].
• lived with Crantor, iii. [160].
• writings of, and disciples, iv. [161].
• Crates, a Theban cynic, [249].
• his disposal of property, iv. [250].
• his jesting with death, x. [252].
• his indifference to public opinion, viii. [252].
• his sayings, ix. [282].
• Crito, the Athenian, [103].
• Cynics, doctrines of, iii. [257].
• discard liberal studies, [257].
• prefer ethics to logic, [257].
• simplicity in living, [258].
• virtue, the chief good, [258].
• —— may be taught, [258].
• Cyrenaics, a sect of the school of Aristippus, viii. [89].
• Demetrius, governor of Athens, ii. [209].
• honoured and envied, viii. [209].
• his reported blindness and restoration of sight, vii. [209].
• statues erected to him, ii. [209].
• sayings of, x. [211].
• writings of, ix. [210].
• Democritus, pupil of the magi, [390].
• death, xi. [390].
• disregard of glory, v. [391].
• —— of wealth, vii. [392].
• doctrines of, xii. [394].
• lowly life, vii. [392].
• Plato’s dislike of him, viii. [393].
• sagacity, stories of, x. [394].
• writings of, xiii. [395].
• Dialectics, the Stoics’ doctrine of, xxxv. [275].
• Diogenes, accounts of his death, xi. [246].
• anecdotes of him, vi. [228].
• cynical sayings, [226].
• lived in a cask, [225].
• money changer, [224].
• —— corrupted by him, i. [224].
• neglect of music, vii. [245].
• persuader, a skilful, x. [245].
• poverty of, reconciled to, iii. [224].
• pride and haughtiness of, iv. [225].
• pupil of Antisthenes, ii. [224].
• sold as a slave, ix. [245].
• writings of, xii. [247].
• Diogenes of Apollonia, [400].
• his chief doctrines, ii. [400].
• Dionysius, a pupil of Zeno, [321].
• writings of, v. [321].
• Druids, account of, [note 3].
• Egyptian philosophy, vii. [9].
• Empedocles, accused of pride, xi. [366].
• doctrines of, xii. [368].
• inventor of rhetoric, iii. [361].
• liberality of, ix. [363].
• pacifies the Agrigentines, xi. [366].
• political career, ix. [363].
• retires to Peloponnesus, x. [364].
• story of his wonder working, xi. [365].
• why called, wind-forbidder, v. [362].
• Epicharmus, inscription on his statue, [368].
• Epicurus, an Athenian, [424].
• his character, v. [427].
• criteria of truth, [435].
• said to be debauched, iii. [426].
• rejected dialectics, [435].
• Diotimus, a Stoic, opposes him, iii. [425].
• doctrines, his, on affections, [447].
• —— atoms, [439].
• —— clouds, thunder, &c. [460].
• —— comets, [464].
• —— faults among men, [467].
• —— forms and attributes, [449].
• —— grief, [467].
• —— heaven’s phenomena, [452], [458].
• —— injuries among men, [466].
• —— meteorological, [461].
• —— opinion and supposition, [436].
• —— passions, pleasure, and pain, [436].
• —— pleasure, [471], [473].
• —— production of things, [441].
• —— self-production, [451].
• —— stars, [464].
• —— study of philosophy, [468].
• —— universe, [439].
• flattered Mithras, iii. [425].
• fundamental maxims of, xxxi. [474].
• letter of, to Herodotus, xxiv. [436].
• —— Menœceus, xxvii. [468].
• —— Pythocles, xxv. [455].
• manner of his death, ix. [429].
• plain language, his, viii. [428].
• pupils, his, xi. [431].
• virtue, why to be chosen, xxx. [473].
• voluminous writings, xvii. [483].
• will, his last, x. [429].
• writings on natural philosophy, iv. [426].
• youthful student, a, ix. [429].
• Epimenides, one of the wise men, [50].
• built a temple at Athens, vi. [52].
• honoured as a deity, xi. [53].
• letter to Solon, ix. [52].
• long life, his, story of, iv. [51].
• long sleep, his, story of, ii. [50].
• poems, and other writings, v. [51].
• stays the plague at Athens, iii. [51].
• Ethical philosophy, what, xiii. [12].
• subdivisions, xiii. [12].
• Euclides, his followers, iv. [97].
• opinions, ii. [97].
• protector of Socrates, i. [97].
• Eudoxus, astronomer, geometrician, and lawgiver, [373].
• inventor of theory of crooked lines, vi. [374].
• writings of, iii. [373].
• Fate, Stoics’ view of, lxxiv. [318].
• Gymnosophistæ, what and who, i. [3].
• God, Stoics’ view of, lxxii. [312].
• Hegesiaci, a sect of the school of Aristippus, their opinions, ix. [91].
• Heraclides, a Peripatetic, Pythagorean, and Platonist, by turns, ii. [213].
• remarkable attempt to deceive at his death, ii. [215].
• surnamed Pompicus from his dress and size, iii. [213].
• writings of, iv. [213].
• Heraclitus, book on nature, v. [377].
• epigrams on him, xii. [381].
• esteemed by Darius Hystaspes, letters between them, ix. [380].
• lofty and arrogant, [376].
• misanthropic, iii. [376].
• Hipparchia, a female philosopher, in love with Crates the Cynic, [254].
• Her contest with Theodorus, iii. [255].
• Hippasus, a disciple of Pythagoras, [371].
• Ionian school of philosophy, x. [10].
• Italian school of philosophy, x. [10].
• “Know thyself,” the apophthegm, xiii. [21].
• Lacydes, founder of the New Academy, i. [176].
• his death from excess, vi. [177].
• his industry, ii. [176].
• Leucippus, his chief doctrines, ii. [388].
• pupil of Zeno the Eleatic, [388].
• Lycon, an eloquent instructor of youth, i. [205].
• delicacy in dress, iii. [206].
• favourite of Eumenes and Attalus, iv. [206].
• his will, ix. [206].
• Magi, what and who, [note, 3].
• Melissus, his doctrine of universe, [386].
• Menedemus, his banquets, xv. [110].
• his character, vi. [107].
• his death, xviii. [112].
• despised Plato, &c., xi. [109].
• disciple of Phædo, [105].
• endangered by his free speech, iv. [107].
• friend of Antigonus, xvii. [111].
• invention and readiness, xii. [109].
• regardlessness of appearances, v. [107].
• severe and rigid, iii. [106].
• sent to Megara, but deserts, ii. [105].
• thought highly of by his countrymen, xvi. [111].
• Menedemus, a superstitious Cynic, [267].
• Menippus, a Cynic, [253].
• hangs himself, iii. [256].
• writer of low ridicule, ii. [256].
• writings, vi. [256].
• Metrocles, pupil of Crates the Cynic, [253].
• destroys himself, [254].
• Mind, Stoics, doctrine of, lxxiii. [299].
• Monimus, feigned madness, i. [248].
• a pupil of Diogenes, [248].
• Myson, one of the wise men, [49].
• Natural philosophy, what so called, xiii. [11].
• Stoics’ account of, lxvii. [307].
• Orpheus, not a philosopher, iv. [7].
• Onesicritus, a pupil of Diogenes, [249].
• Parmenides, first to speak of the earth as a sphere, ii. [384].
• philosophized in poems, iii. [385].
• Periander, one of the wise men, his domestic crimes, [43].
• his letter to Procles, viii. [46].
• —— to the wise men, vii. [45].
• —— from Thrasybulus, ix. [46].
• sayings of, v. [45].
• wish to conceal his grave, iii. [44].
• Phædo, founder of the Eliac school, [96].
• Pherecydes, one of the wise men, [53].
• epigrams on, vii. [55].
• first writer on natural philosophy, ii. [54].
• grave of, at Ephesus, iv. [54].
• letter to Thales, viii. [56].
• makes a sun-dial, vi. [55].
• Philolaus, a pupil of Pythagoras, [372].
• aims at regal power, ii. [372].
• book, his one, iv. [372].
• first to describe the earth’s movement in a circle, iii. [372].
• Philosophers, names of their sects, xii. [11].
• who did not write, xi. [11].
• Philosophy, arose among Greeks, iii. [6].
• divisions of, xiii. [11].
• earliest study of, i. [3].
• two schools of, x. [10].
• various kinds of, xi. [11].
• Pisistratus, his letter to Solon, vi. [20].
• Pittacus, one of the wise men, [35].
• advice about marrying, viii. [37].
• death of, vi. [36].
• forbearance of, iii. [35].
• a general and soldier, i. [35].
• honoured by his country, ii. [35].
• lameness of, ix. [38].
• letter to Crœsus, x. [38].
• a poet, v. [36].
• sayings of, iv. [36].
• Plato, academy, his, ix. [115].
• account of his opinions, by Alcimus, [117].
• aided by Epicharmus, a comic poet, xii. [116].
• attachments, xxiii. [123].
• —— to writings of Sophron, [119].
• birth and early abode, ii. [113].
• danger from Dionysius, xv. [120].
• defends Chabrias, xviii. [121].
• descent of, i. [113].
• dialogues of, xxxv. [133].
• disciples of, xxxi. [129].
• disliked Aristippus, [126].
• disliked by Xenophon, xxiv. [125].
• education, his, v. [114].
• epigrams on his tomb, [128].
• epistles, his, xxxvi. [134].
• marks in his books, xxxix. [136].
• method of his argument, xxxii. [129].
• opinions on arts, beauty, [144].
• beneficence, [146].
• contraries, [149].
• discourse, [143].
• entities divisible and undivisible, [150].
• —— independent and relative, [150].
• end of affairs, [146].
• friendships, [141].
• God and matter, [137].
• good and evil, [140].
• good counsel, [150].
• good laws and lawlessness, [148].
• the good, [148].
• good things, [149].
• happiness, [147].
• justice, [142].
• knowledge, [142].
• law, [143].
• medical science, [143].
• music, [143].
• noble birth, [144].
• philanthropy, [147].
• political constitutions, [141].
• power, [147].
• rhetoric, [145].
• rule, [145].
• the soul, [144].
• things existing, [148].
• virtue perfect, [144].
• voice, [150].
• opinions on his writings, xxv. [126].
• refuses appointments from Arcadia and Thebes, xvii. [121].
• ridiculed, xxii. [121].
• Socrates’ dream of him, vii. [114].
• system, his, made difficult on purpose, xxxviii. [135].
• theory of ideas, [118].
• valiant soldier, a, x. [115].
• visits Sicily, volcanoes, xiv. [119].
• what he taught, xix. [122].
• where he first taught, viii. [114].
• will, his last, xxx. [127].
• Polemo, his calmness, iv. [158].
• epigram, viii. [160].
• fond, of Sophocles, vii. [159].
• imitated Xenocrates, vi. [159].
• intemperate and profligate, [158].
• much honoured, iv. [158].
• rigorous system of morals, iv. [158].
• Potamo and his school, xiv. [13].
• Potter’s wheel, invented by Anacharsis, viii. [48].
• Protagoras, method of arguing, his, iii. [397].
• taught at a fixed price, [398].
• works, his, v. [398].
• wrecked in his way to Sicily, vii. [399].
• Pyrrho, originally a painter, [402].
• account of him, by Antigonus, [402].
• arguing, ten modes of, ix. [409].
• arguing, five others added by Agrippa, x. [412].
• attached to Anaxarchus, ii. [402].
• certainty not attainable, [414].
• disciples, vii. [405].
• —— called Sceptics from their doubting every thing, viii. [405].
• eloquent, [403].
• fortitude and economy, vi. [404].
• good, natural, or natural evil, none, [417].
• honoured by his country, [403].
• impassiveness, vi. [404].
• learning, no such thing, [417].
• left no writings, [418].
• motion, none, [417].
• production, none, [417].
• signs, invisible of visible things, [416].
• signs, visible of visible things, none, [415].
• system learned from his disciples, [418].
• travelled to India, [402].
• Pythagoras, accounted a son of Mercury, iv. [339].
• his works, v. [340].
• community of property with friends, viii. [342].
• division of life, vii. [342].
• doctrine of monads, xix. [348].
• founder of Italian philosophy, i. [338].
• geometrician, xi. [342].
• greatly admired, xv. [342].
• initiated into mysteries, iii. [338].
• introduced weights and measures to Greece, xiii. [344].
• letter to Anaximenes, xxvi. [358].
• manner of his death, xxi. [354].
• opinions on nature, xix. [349].
• practised divination, xviii. [346].
• precepts, vi. [341].
• —— as to worship, xix. [347].
• prohibition as to food, xviii. [346].
• ridiculed by Timon, xv. [353].
• symbols, his, xvii. [345].
• wife and son, xxii. [355].
• worship of Apollo, xii. [343].
• Schools of philosophy, xiii. [12].
• Seven wise men, the, xiv. [21].
• Simias, the Theban, [105].
• Simon, the Athenian leather cutter, [104].
• Socrates, an artificer, [64].
• character, his, viii. [66].
• contests, his, xxv. [74].
• counsels and sayings, xvi. [69].
• dæmon warnings, xvi. [69].
• executed for opinions, the first philosopher who was, v. [64].
• lamented by the Athenians, xxiii. [73].
• persuasive power, xii. [68].
• ransoms Phædo and teaches him philosophy, xiv. [68].
• school, his, xxvi. [74].
• saves Xenophon’s life, vii. [65].
• serves in Xenophon’s army, vii. [65].
• slaves, would not have, xiii. [68].
• wives, his, xvii. [70].
• Solon, the wise, life of, [23].
• apophthegms, his, xvi. [30].
• counsels, his, xii. [29].
• death of, xv. [29].
• escapes from Athens, iv. [25].
• excites Athens against Salamis, ii. [23].
• inscription on his statue, xv. [29].
• laws as to debts, i. [23].
• laws, vii. [26].
• letter to Crœsus, xx. [52].
• —— Epimenides, xviii. [30].
• —— Periander, xvii. [30].
• —— Pisistratus, xix. [31].
• means of preventing injustice, x. [28].
• opposes Pisistratus, iii. [24].
• poems, his, xiii. [29].
• taught time by moon, xi. [28].
• Speusippus, a basket-maker, vi. [152].
• commentaries, his, xi. [153].
• passionate and voluptuous, [152].
• Plato’s successor, [152].
• puts an end to his life, ix. [153].
• Sphærus, at Alexandria, [326].
• his books, iii. [327].
• Stars, Stoics, doctrine of, lxxi. [311].
• Stilpo, his acuteness, ii. [100].
• his dialogues, viii. [102].
• his end, x. [103].
• opinions on statues, v. [101].
• politician, a, iii. [100].
• rejects theory of species, vii. [102].
• his simplicity, vi. [101].
• visits Ptolemy Soter, iv. [101].
• Stoics, doctrines of, xxxiii. [274].
• Strato, the natural philosopher, ii. [202].
• Ptolemy Philadelphus, his pupil, iii. [202].
• successor of Theophrastus, [202].
• will, his last, vii. [203].
• writings, his, iv. [203].
• Thales, the wise, astronomical science studied and taught by him, ii. [14].
• death of, xii. [20].
• letter to Pherecydes, xv. [22].
• —— Solon, xvi. [22].
• sayings of, ix. [18].
• star-gazing and falling into the ditch, viii. [18].
• tripod awarded to him, vii. [16].
• views of the soul, his, iii. [15].
• Theodoreans, their opinions, xi. [93].
• Theodorus, a disciple of Aristippus, xv. [94].
• banished for his opinions, xvi. [95].
• Theophrastus, Aristotle’s pupil and friend, [194].
• character of, iv. [194].
• name, symbolic, vi. [195].
• will, his last, xiv. [200].
• writings, his, xiii. [196].
• Thesmophoria, what, [note, 394].
• Timon, of Phliasis, [420].
• acuteness of, ii. [422].
• delighted in a garden, v. [422].
• fond of drinking, ii. [421].
• a jester, vi. [422].
• his pupils, vii. [423].
• Virtue and vice, Stoics’ doctrine of, lxv. [304].
• Water, the principle of all things, vi. [15].
• Wise man, the Stoics’, lxiv. [301].
• Wise men, the, who, ix. [10].
• Xenocrates, accidental death, xii. [157].
• a grave and solemn man, iii. [154].
• habit of meditation, viii. [156].
• kind to a sparrow, vi. [156].
• pupil of Plato, [154].
• self-denial of, v. [155].
• sold for his taxes, x. [157].
• writings, his, ix. [156].
• Xenophanes, banished, [382].
• buried his sons with his own hands, iv. [384].
• doctrines, his, iii. [383].
• wrote poems, iii. [383].
• Xenophon, banished by the Athenians, vii. [76].
• called the Attic muse, xiv. [78].
• conduct on death of his son, x. [77].
• escape to Corinth, ix. [77].
• first writer of memorabilia, iii. [75].
• follower of Socrates, ii. [75].
• friend of Cyrus, v. [75].
• love of Clinias, iv. [75].
• writings, his, xiii. [78].
• Zaleucus, account of, [note, 345].
• Zeno, the Stoic, his abstinence, &c. xxiii. [269].
• admires Diodorus, xx. [266].
• anecdotes of him, xix. [266].
• Antigonus respects him, viii. [261].
• Athenians crown him, ix. [263].
• disciples and works, xxxi. [273].
• doctrines, xxxii. [273].
• kills himself, xxvi. [270].
• lectures in the Stoa or porch, vii. [261].
• manner of reproving, xix. [265].
• personal appearance, ii. [259].
• pupil of Crates, iii. [259].
• retiring disposition, xv. [264].
• republic, his, xxviii. [271].
• turn for investigation, xvii. [264].
• his vices, xiii. [263].
• writes about duty, xxi. [269].
• writings, iv. [260].
• Zeno, the Eleatic, adopted son of Parmenides, [386].
• arrested for treason against Nearches, v. [387].
• chief doctrines, viii. [388].
• invented dialectics, iv. [387].
• pounded to death in a mortar, v. [387].
• Zoroaster, his philosophy, [note, 5].

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