[8] The bulk of the “Fell” correspondence is preserved at the headquarters of the Society of Friends, Devonshire House, Bishopsgate, E.C.
[9] Part of which was spent in a dungeon reserved for witches and murderers, and left uncleansed year after year.
[10] Nicholas Hermann.
[11] 1870.
[12] See chapter on [Quakerism and Women].
[13] An Apology for the True Christian Divinity. 1678.
[14] W. Bromfield: The Faith of the True Christian and the Primitive Quaker’s Faith. 1725.
[15] The biographies of Quakers and ex-Quakers amount to about 3 per cent. of the whole of the entries in the Dictionary of National Biography (1885-1904), reckoning from 1675.
[16] Ackworth was founded in 1779, Sidcot remodelled on Quaker lines in 1808, the present Saffron Walden School opened in Islington in 1811, and several others since both in England and Ireland, all now open to the general public.
[17] As early as 1657, and before he had come in contact with slavery, Fox addressed a letter of advice from England to all slave-holding Friends. In 1671, seeing for himself the system at work in Barbadoes, he recommended that the holders should free their slaves after a term of service, and should arrange for their welfare when freed. The first documentary protest against slavery put forward by any religious body came from the German Quakers in Philadelphia (Germantown); they had come as settlers from Kirchheim in Germany, where Penn’s teaching had met with an ardent response. John Woolman spent twenty years in ceaseless labour on behalf of the slaves. Throughout the society the work went on; meetings were held, individual protests were made, slave-holding Friends were visited. By 1755 it was generally agreed that negroes should be neither bought nor imported by Friends, and less than thirty years later the society, with the exception of a few isolated and difficult cases, was free of slavery. Many Friends paid their slaves for past services, and in all cases provision was made for their welfare.