(37) CYCLOSORUS DENTATUS
The fern known technically as Cyclosorus dentatus is not native to Hawaii, but apparently was considered common on Oahu after 1900, according to Wagner (6, p. 110). It may be found in moist areas in and near the Park.
(38) AKOLEA
One of the most dainty of ferns, the AKOLEA is found in wet areas in the vicinity of the Thurston Lava Tube. It is a common fern on the Kulani Trail, just outside of the Park.
(39) HOIO
Common in moist areas in the Kilauea section, the HOIO prefers shade. The fronds are large, often 3 to 4 feet long. Below the branches the midribs are dark brown and smooth, but clothed with dark scales at their bases. Spore dots are abundant.
(42) EKAHA OR BIRDNEST FERN
Of all Hawaiian fern species, few are more beautiful than the birdnest fern, whose fronds often reach a length of six feet. Although it has not been described from the Park, it has been included because it is abundant in the Puna District, and probably will be found in the Kalapana Extension of the Park. It normally grows in trees, but it may also attach itself to rocks. When this happens the young birdnest ferns are often called “rock ferns.” The dark areas on the underside of the leaves in the illustration are spores.
(43-46, 49) ASPLENIUM
Among the most attractive, the Asplenium ferns are also among the most diversified Hawaiian plants as far as appearance is concerned. Showing wide variety in choice of habitat they range from moist jungles to arid lava flows. A number of the species may be recognized by the similarity in shape of the leaf segments, and the long, parallel rows of spores, but all do not show these characteristics. Nine species have been found in the Kilauea Section of the Park.