[86] The derivation is through the French from O. H. G. marascalh (marah, horse; scalh, servant). Round, 84, traces an early connexion of the marshal with the stable.
[87] A Squire of the Body held the office of Master of the Horse in 1480 (Nicolas, Wardrobe Accts. of Ed. IV). The term 'Master', generally applied to heads of offices in the outer ring of the Household, does not seem to be of very early origin. It probably replaces the fourteenth-century 'Serjeant'. Sir Thomas Cawarden got a 'Mastership' of the Revels in 1544, as he 'did mislyke to be tearmed a Seriaunt because of his better countenaunce of roome and place beinge of the kinges maiesties privye Chamber' (Tudor Revels, 2). The Mastership of the Horse was held by Lord Robert Dudley, afterwards Earl of Leicester (11 Jan. 1559-87), Robert Earl of Essex (23 Dec. 1587-25 Feb. 1601), Edward Somerset, 4th Earl of Worcester (deputy Dec. 1597; Master 21 Apr. 1601-2 Jan. 1616), Sir George Villiers, afterwards Duke of Buckingham (3 Jan. 1616). The appointment, like that of other 'Masters', but unlike that of the Chamberlain and Steward, was by patent and carried a fee of 1,000 marks (£666 13s. 4d.). Amongst the lesser Stable officers were the royal Footmen, whom we might expect to find in the Chamber.
[88] H. O. 19, 55.
[89] For the functions of Hall officers, as understood in the fifteenth century, cf. the 'courtesy' books, especially J. Russell's Boke of Nurture, the anonymous Boke of Kervynge and Boke of Curtesye (Furnivall, Babee's Book), and R. W. Chambers, A Fifteenth-Century Courtesy Book.
[90] The Treasurers of the Household were Sir Thomas Cheyne (1558-9), Sir Thomas Parry (1559-70), Sir Francis Knollys (1570-96), Roger Lord North (1596-1600), Sir William Knollys, afterwards Lord Knollys (1602-16); the Comptrollers, Sir Thomas Parry (1558-9), Sir Edward Rogers (1559-67), Sir James Croft (1570-90), Sir William Knollys (1596-1602), Sir Edward Wotton, afterwards Lord Wotton (1602-16); cf. D. N. B., passim (with some errors); Dasent, vii. 3, 43; V. P. vii. 1; Sp. P. ii. 227; Wright, i. 355; Sadleir Papers, ii. 368; Carew Correspondence (C.S.), 152.
[91] The Lords Steward were Henry Earl of Arundel (1558-64), William Earl of Pembroke (1567-70), Edward Earl of Lincoln (1581-4), Robert Earl of Leicester (1585-8), Henry Earl of Derby (1588-93), Charles Earl of Nottingham (1597-1615), Ludovick Duke of Lennox and afterwards Richmond (1615-24); cf. Dasent, xxviii. 60, 107; S. P. D. Eliz. clxxiii. 94; Stowe, 664; Sc. P. ix. 611; Sp. P. i. 18, 368, 631; ii. 239, 455; iv. 122; V. P. vii. 3; Hatfield MSS. i. 452; xi. 478; Sydney Papers, ii. 75, 77; Hawarde, 84; Camden (trans.), 124, 226, 373, and James, 14; La Mothe Fénelon, ii. 332; iv. 437; v. 60; Goodman, i. 178, 191; Cheyney, 28; Lords Journals, i. 543, 581; ii. 21, 62, 64, 116, 146, 169, 192, 227, &c.; Wright, Arthur Hall, 194-7.
[92] Larson, 132; J. H. Round, The Officers of Edward the Confessor in E. H. R. xix. 90.
[93] Hist. Mon. Abingdon, ii. 43.
[94] Constitutio Domus Regis in H. Hall, Red Book of Exchequer, iii. 807; Hearne, Liber Niger Scaccarii, i. 352: 'Magister Camerarius par est Dapifero in lib[er]acione ... Camerarius qui vice sua servit, ii solid. in die ... Camerarius Candelae, viiiᵈ in die ... Camerarii sine liberacione in domo comedent, si voluerint'; cf. Stubbs, i. 391; Poole, 96; Round, 62.
[95] Round, 112.