[685] Cf. App. B, s.a. 1612-13, 1615-16.
[686] For other entertainments of the court with plays by private hosts, cf. Calendar s.a. 1605 (3 Jan., play by Spanish ambassador for Duke of Holst; 9 < > 14 Jan., Love's Labour's Lost by Southampton or Cranborne for Anne), 1607 (May 25, Aeneas and Dido by Arundel for Prince de Joinville).
[687] Cf. also M. N. D. iii. 1. 57; Isle of Gulls, iii (ed. Bullen, p. 67), 'in the great Chamber at the Reuels'. The Elizabethan Chamber Accounts rarely show the room; in 1597-8 the hall at Hampton Court, in 1600-1 the hall and in 1601-2 the great chamber at Whitehall. I have examined only a few Jacobean ones on this point; the hall, great chamber, and banqueting-house, at Whitehall, were all used in 1604-5; the hall, banqueting-house, and cockpit in 1610-11; the banqueting-house twice in April 1612-13.
[688] Cf. App. B, s.a. 1608-12. On the Cockpit cf. Stowe, Survey, ii. 102, 374; Sheppard, Whitehall, 66; W. J. Lawrence in E. S. xxxv. 279; L. T. R. i. 38; ii. 23; vii. 49, 61; Adams, 384. I am not quite clear where the original pit stood. Stowe puts on the right hand as you go down Whitehall 'diuers fayre Tennis courtes, bowling allies, and a Cocke-pit, al built by King Henry the eight'. Wyngaerde and Agas show various buildings here, of which one in Agas is of pit shape. Faithorne's map of Westminster (1658), which is said to represent the locality at a much earlier date, shows, just south of the tilt-yard, a quadrangle divided off from the road by a low boundary wall, with buildings all round it and an angled building in the midst. This must I think be the Cockpit, and some of the buildings round it the lodgings which also bore that name and were occupied by the Princess Elizabeth before her marriage (Birch, Charles I, ii. 213) and by Lady Somerset in 1615 (Rutland MSS. i. 448). Here presumably provision for Cockpit was made for James in 1604 (cf. p. 53), and Henry and Elizabeth saw plays in 1608-13 (App. B). But I doubt whether this is the Cockpit shown in Fisher's Restoration plan of Whitehall and in an engraving, probably from a seventeenth-century drawing, reproduced in L. T. R. ii. 23, and Adams, 407. This was square externally, and apparently stood farther west than Faithorne's from the line of the tilt-yard, at the extreme north-west angle of the palace buildings where they jutted into St. James's Park. I think Adams is clearly right in identifying this building with the little theatre a plan of which by Inigo Jones was published from a Worcester College MS. by H. Bell in Architectural Record (1913), 262 (cf. p. 234). Adams further identifies it with a 'new theatre at Whitehall' opened about 1632, no doubt to replace the old Cockpit. If so, Faithorne is clearly out of date. This later Cockpit was on the site of the present Treasury buildings, and the locality long continued to bear its name. Treasury letters were dated from the Cockpit, and the King's speech is said to have been rehearsed there as late as 1806. The passage leading from Whitehall to the Treasury is still called the Cockpit passage. A quite distinct cockpit near Birdcage Walk is marked by the extant Cockpit Steps. It existed by 1720 and was destroyed in 1816. Whether the angled building shown in this direction by Wyngaerde can represent it, or a predecessor, I do not know.
[689] Cf. App. B.
[690] There may have been special reasons why the Chapel only got £15 for two plays in 1583-4, Oxford's £6 13s. 4d. for a play in 1584-5, the Queen's £20 for three plays in 1587-8, and the Chapel £5 for a 'showe' in 1600-1. The accounts for 1605-6 seem to point to an unsuccessful attempt to establish a flat rate of £5 for a 'rewarde' and £3 6s. 8d. for a 'more rewarde', for plays before James and Henry alike. The payments of 17 May 1615 of £43 6s. 8d. for six plays before 'his highnes' (which in these accounts generally means the Prince) perhaps really represent one play before James and five before Charles.
[691] Henry's accounts for 1610-12 (Cunningham, xiii) include payments for making ready the Cockpit for plays, and rewards to musicians and a juggler, but none for players; but Elizabeth lost a play in a wager in 1612, and Anne paid for two plays at Somerset House in 1615. The only play recorded by the Treasurer of the Chamber as specially before Anne (10 Dec. 1604) was paid for at £10. Naturally she was present at plays entered as before the King or Prince, and in 1612 plays paid for at the King's rate seem in fact to have been shown before Anne and Henry in his absence (cf. App. B).
[692] The £10 fee continued to be paid under Charles I, but by 1630-1 the players had established a claim to an additional £10 if their service at court lost them a day at the theatre, owing to a journey to Hampton Court or Richmond or an occasional performance or rehearsal at Whitehall in the day-time. During 1636-7, however, the theatres were closed for plague (M. S. C. i. 391), and the King's men had an allowance of £20 a week to maintain them near the court (S. P. D. Car. I, cccxxxvii. 33), and did not get the extra £10 a play; cf. E. Law, More about Shakespeare Forgeries, 37, and the extracts from the Lord Chamberlain's Records in C. C. Stopes, Shakespeare's Fellows and Followers (Jahrbuch, xlvi. 92).
[693] Cf. ch. ii, p. 66.
[694] The documents are printed by Cunningham, xxiv, and by Law, More, 39, 71, who gives the warrant more fully. They were removed by Cunningham from the Audit Office, and when returned to the Record Office were classed in error as papers subsidiary to the Revels Accounts, instead of to those of the Treasurer of the Chamber. But Law, More, 61, successfully vindicates their authenticity, and I may add that the dockets of Chamberlain's warrants for other years (Jahrbuch, xlvi. 94) refer to schedules now lost, and that a schedule of the plays of the King's men for 1638-9 was facsimiled from a private manuscript by G. R. Wright in Brit. Arch. Ass. Journal, xvi. 275, 344 (1860), and in his Archaeologic and Historic Fragments (1887). In this the claims for 'our day lost' are clearly specified.