[89] Macrobius, Saturnalia, ii. 1. 5, 9.
[90] Chrysostom, Hom. in Ep. ad Col. cap. 1, Hom. i. cc. 5, 6 (P. G. lxii. 306).
[91] Jerome, Ep. 117 (P. L. xxii. 957) ‘difficile inter epulas servatur pudicitia’; cf. Dill, 110.
[92] Conc. of Laodicea (†343-81) can. 54 (Mansi, ii. 574) ὅτι οὐ δεῖ ἱερατικοὺς ἢ κληρικούς τινας θεωρίας θεωρεῖν ἐν γάμοις ἢ δείπνοις, ἀλλὰ πρὸ τοῦ εἰσέρχεσθαι τοὺς θυμελικοὺς ἐγείρεσθαι αὐτοὺς καὶ ἀναχωρεῖν. Conc. of Braga (†572) c. 60 (Mansi, v. 912), Conc. of Aix-la-Chapelle (816) c. 83 (Mansi, vii. 1361); and finally, C. I. Can. iii. 5. 37 ‘non oportet ministros altaris vel quoslibet clericos spectaculis aliquibus, quae aut in nuptiis aut scenis exhibentur, interesse, sed ante, quam thymelici ingrediantur, surgere eos de convivio et abire.’ It is noteworthy that ‘scenis’ here translates δείπνοις.
[93] Muratori Antiq. Ital. Med. Aev. ii. 847, traces the pantomimi in the Italian mattaccini.
[94] Cf. Appendix B.
[95] Ten Brink, i. 11; P. Meyer in Romania (1876), 260; G. Paris, 36; Gautier, ii. 6; Kögel, i. 2. 191.
[96] Tacitus, Ann. i. 65; iv. 47; Hist. ii. 22; iv. 18; v. 15; Germ. 3; Ammianus Marcellinus, xvi. 12. 43; xxxi. 7. 11; Vegetius, de re militari, iii. 18; cf. Kögel, i. 1. 12, 58, 111; Müllenhoff, Germania, ch. 3. The barditus or barritus of the Germans, whatever the name exactly means, seems to have been articulate, and not a mere noise.
[97] Tacitus, Germ. 2 ‘quod unum apud illos memoriae et annalium genus est.’
[98] Jordanis, de orig. Getarum (in M. G. H.), c. 4 ‘in priscis eorum carminibus pene storico ritu in commune recolitur.’