[542]. This is clear from the proverb κέκρουκα τὸν βατῆρα.
[543]. The bater is perhaps represented on a vase reproduced by Krause, Gym. ix. 23, as a small raised platform. We may remark that in this case the jump is a standing one and without halteres.
[544]. Pollux, iii. 151. The so-called measuring ropes and compasses have been shown by Jüthner to be merely boxing thongs and amenta.
[545]. Ἐφ. Ἀρχ., 1883, 190. Roberts and Gardner, ii. 391, give the inscription Ἁλ(λ)όμενος νίκησεν Ἐπαίνετος οὕνεκα τοῦδε ἁ.
[546]. e.g. supra, Fig. [22]; cp. Jüthner, Antike Turngeräthe, pp. 10, 11.
[547]. Gym. 55. Dr. Jüthner in his Antike Turngeräthe, p. 11, identifies them, wrongly as I think, with the two early types. It is hard to see how either of these types could exercise the fingers.
[548]. “They lighten the jump, serving as a guide to the hands, and enabling the jumper to land firmly and evenly.”
[549]. Caelius Aurelianus, De morb. acut. et chron. v. 2, 38. Such sufferers are to be given “wax to mould, or manipuli, which athletes call halteres, to hold, and to move, either of wax or of wood, at first with only a little lead, afterwards gradually increased in weight.”
[550]. Plutarch, De musica, 1140; Paus. v. 17, 10.
[551]. For vase paintings representing jumpers in various positions vide J.H.S. xxiv. pp. 184 ff.