Footnote 35: Dr. Thomas Short, in his work "Discourses on Tea, Tobacco, Punch, &c," (London 1750,) says of the original smoker: "Sir Walter was the first that brought the Custom of smoking it into Britain, upon his return from America; for he saw the natives of Florida, Brazil and other places of the Indies, smoak it thus, they hung about their Necks little Pipes or Horns made of the Leaves of the Date Tree, or of Reeds or Rushes; and at the ends of them they put several dry Tobacco Leaves twisted and broken, and set the ends of them on fire, and sucked in as much of the smoak as they could."[Back to Main Text]
Footnote 36: So common was the indulgence that in 1600, only seventeen years after Sir Francis Drake returned from America, and set the example of using tobacco, the French Embassador writes in his dispatches to Paris, that the peers, while engaged in the trials of Essex and Southampton, deliberated upon their verdicts with pipes in their mouths![Back to Main Text]
Footnote 37: Savary says that tobacco has been known among the Persians for upwards of 400 years, and supposes that they received it from Egypt, and not from the East Indies.[Back to Main Text]
Footnote 38: Neander, in his work on "Tobacologia" (London, 1622), mentions eighteen varieties of tobacco, or at least localities from where it was shipped to London, among which are the following: Varinas (considered the best), Brazil, Maracay, Orinoco, Margarita, Caracas, Cumana, Amazon, Virginia, Philippines, St. Lucia, Trinidad, and St. Domingo.[Back to Main Text]
Footnote 39: "The first author (says an English writer) who wrote of this Plant was Charles Stephanus, in 1564. This was a mean, short, inaccurate Draught, till Dr. John Liebault wrote a whole Discourse of it next year, and put it into his second Book of Husbandry, which was every year reprinted with additions and alterations, for twenty years after. He had a large Correspondence, a good Intelligence, and wrote the best of the age, and gathered the greatest stock of experience about this new Plant."[Back to Main Text]
Footnote 40: A preparation of arsenic.[Back to Main Text]
Footnote 41: "Never did nature produce a Plant that in a short Time became so universally used, for it was but a short while known in Europe, till it was taken almost everywhere, either chewed; smoked, or snuffed. A pipe of tobacco is now the general and most frequent companion of, Mug, Bottle, or Punch-bowl."—T. Short.[Back to Main Text]
Footnote 42: Gifford has also remarked that Shakspeare is the only one of the dramatic writers of the age of James who does not condescend to notice tobacco; all the others abound in allusions to it. In Jonson we find tobacco in every place—in Cob the waterman's house, and in the Apollo Club-room, on the stage, and at the ordinary. The world of London was then divided into two classes—the tobacco-lovers and the tobacco-haters.[Back to Main Text]
Footnote 43: "Some hold it for a singular remedie against the gowte (gout), to chaw every morning the leaves of Petum (tobacco), because it voideth great quantitie of flegme out at the mouth, hindering the same from falling upon the joints, which is the very cause of the gowte." Dr. Richard Surflet (1606).[Back to Main Text]
Footnote 44: Elizabeth during her reign, published an edict against its use, assigning as a reason, that her subjects, by employing the same luxuries as barbarians, were likely to degenerate into barbarism.