Myzorhynchus pseudopictus.—Black costa with two pale yellow spots. Wing fringe unspotted. Black palps with four pale bands. Apex of palps white.
Nyssorhynchus fuliginosus.—Black costa with three large yellow spots. Numerous black dots on the longitudinal veins. Palpi black with white tip and two narrow white bands. Last three hind tarsal segments white.
Cellia argyrotarsis.—Black costa with two distinct and several smaller white spots.
While anophelines are usually rural or at any rate preferring the suburbs of cities yet we can differentiate between domesticated and wild anophelines, these latter keeping away from man and consequently not playing a transmitting rôle.
Another factor in their becoming an efficient host appears to rest in the feeding habits of such anophelines, one which is voracious and fills and then ejects by rectum the blood taken from the malarial patient is more apt to be a transmitter than a species less greedy.
By an efficient host is meant a species in which full development of the parasite takes place.
Life History of the Malarial Parasite
Malaria can be transmitted by subcutaneous or intravenous injection of the blood of a patient with the disease into a well person, the same type being reproduced.
Transmission of Malaria.—Such a method of transmission is only of scientific interest and the regular method is as follows: An infected anopheline at the time of feeding on the human blood introduces through a minute channel in the hypopharynx the infecting sporozoite of the sexual cycle.
When man is first infected by sporozoites we have starting up a nonsexual cycle (schizogony) which is completed in from forty-eight to seventy-two hours, according to the species of the parasite. The falciform sporozite bores into a red cell, assumes a round shape and continues to enlarge (schizont). Approaching maturity, it shows division into a varying number of spore-like bodies. At this stage the parasite is termed a merocyte. When the merocyte ruptures, these spore-like bodies or merozoites enter a fresh cell and develop as before.