—As a means of attaching garden hose or lawn sprinklers, sill cocks are placed on the side of the building at any place convenient for their use. Fig. 75 illustrates the method of attaching the cock to the water supply. Fig. 76 shows in cross-section its mechanical arrangement. The part A is screwed into the water supply, and B furnishes the hose attachment. The valve is operated the same as any other compression valve. In Fig. 75 the cock is shown at A with a garden hose attached. The pipe to which A is attached passes into the basement and connects to the water supply. The stop-cock B is used to shut off the water. When the stop-cock B is closed, A should be opened, so that the pipe will drain. If this is neglected during freezing weather, the pipe is apt to freeze and burst.
Valves.
—The distinction between a cock and a valve is not at all definite. Custom has determined that in certain places a cock shall stop the flow of a liquid but in another place, perhaps of a similar nature, a valve shall accomplish the same purpose. The chief distinction between a cock and a valve is that of its external form.
In Figs. 77, 78 and 79 are three examples of valves that are very generally used on pipes carrying any kind of fluid. The valves are shown in cross-section to display the arrangement of the mechanism.
Fig. 77.—Cross-section of globe valve with detachable valve disc.
Fig. 78.—Cross-section of angle globe valve.
Fig. 79.—Cross-section of gate valve.