p as in English.
p’ The Irish pronunciation of party, parliament. Slap-hard without the italicized letters = p’a.
s as in English.
sh as in English.
ss. Only in ssŭ. The object of employing ss is to fix attention on the peculiar vowel-sound ŭ (see above).
t as in English.
t’ The Irish t in torment. Hit-hard without the italicized letters = t’a.
ts as in jetsam; after another word softened to ds in gladsome.
ts’. The aspirate intervening, as in ch’, etc. Bets-hard without the italicized letters = ts’a. Page 427
tz. Employed to mark the peculiarity of the final ŭ; hardly of greater power than ts.