Pedro Primiero, July 27, 1823.
MOST EXCELLENT SIR,
In reply to your letter of this date, I beg leave to assure you, first, that my utmost endeavours shall be used to protect the persons and property of the citizens of Maranham—with the exception of such species of property as, being proved to belong to a hostile party, shall become, according to the laws of war, subject to the decision of the tribunals of His Imperial Majesty; that the same leniency with respect to all past political opinions shall be used as has been observed under the constitutional government of His Most Faithful Majesty John VI.; and that all persons desiring to remove shall be at liberty to do so, under the usual formalities.
Secondly,—You are at liberty either to depart to any other country, or to remain in this.
Thirdly,—The commanding officers, superior officers, and soldiers of the Portuguese nation, shall be free to retire to their native country, or to any other quarter; and shall be permitted to embark with their ensigns, arms, and military honours.
As independence is to be declared to-morrow, and as the vessels of war now in the port bear the ensigns of Portugal—and as I believe the necessary authority is vested in you, I have to request that you will order that ensign not to be hoisted on board the said vessels, in order that the substitution of that of Brazil may be made in the manner least offensive to the feelings of the officers—all, or any of whom may remain with their men in the service of Brazil, or may consider themselves under the third article relating to the army.
I have to express my regret at your indisposition, which has deprived me of the pleasure of seeing you; but, if circumstances permit, I shall avail myself of an early opportunity of paying you my personal respects.
(Signed) COCHRANE.
To DON AGOSTINHO ANTONIA DE FARIA,
General-at-Arms of Maranhaõ.
On the 28th the declaration of independence was made amidst the acclamation of the inhabitants generally—those who were adverse to the measure not venturing to make any demonstration to the contrary.