2) Do not attempt to take the machine apart. Only readjust parts for which such directions are given.
3) Use only the best grade of typewriter oil, and oil only where indicated. The average machine does not require oiling oftener than from ten to fourteen days.
4) Brush the entire machine each day before using. This prevents the accumulation of oil and dust, which retards the free action of the machine, and rusts or clogs the bearings and other parts.
5) Use a stiff brush to clean the type. If the type has become gummed with ink from lack of care, moisten the brush with alcohol or gasoline, and brush it until clean. Avoid cleaning the type with a sharp instrument, if possible, as it mars the edges. However, in case of the letters having an enclosed parts, such as c, d, e, b, g, p, a, s, c, q, it may require the careful removal of the deposit with a pin. After this treatment, the type should be well brushed. Keep machine covered when not in use. With proper care, a machine should stay in good order indefinitely. If, in any way, any part of a machine is out of adjustment, have an expert readjust it.
260. The Hectograph. The hectograph is one of the simplest devices for obtaining duplicate copies of written work (Fig. 147). It is a sheet like heavy paper or pad of jelly-like substance on which a reversed copy of the writing can be made and from which copies can be taken. The original copy is written with hectograph ink on smooth paper by hand, or on a typewriter, and allowed to dry. This copy is placed face downward on the hectograph pad, which has been moistened and rubbed to insure the contact at all places. It is allowed to remain here for three or four minutes. More time is required in cold weather, as the absorption of ink by the pad is slower. The paper is then removed, leaving a reversed impression on the hectograph plate. Copies are then made by placing dry paper on the impression and removing them instantly. Twenty copies may be taken. The plate should be washed in lukewarm water immediately after use. The hectograph plate should be about the temperature of an ordinary room; chilled plates produce faint prints. Never use cold water on the plate. Keep pen flowing freely when writing the original copy, by wiping it frequently. Keep the hectograph covered when not in use.
Fig. 147. Hectograph.
261. Mimeograph and Multigraph. The mimeograph (Fig. 148) is a more complicated device for reproducing duplicates than the hectograph, but more copies may be made at faster speed on this machine and the stencils may be saved for making more copies later. A stencil (tissue paper, usually blue, fastened to a sheet of equal size waxed cardboard) is cut by a typewriter. This is done by removing the ribbon and allowing only the outline of the type to cut thru the tissue which has been saturated with "Dermax," a liquid wax which is brushed over the surface of the waxed paper, and the tissue paper carefully smoothed out upon it. Some stencil paper or waxed sheets do not require this treatment of "Dermax"; instead a tissue or silk sheet is placed under the stencil paper. When the desired wording is cut, the cardboard is torn off at the perforated line, leaving the four holes which attach the stencil to the roller of the mimeograph machine. First see that the pad on the machine is well inked, and then fasten the stencil to the pins at the top of the roller and with bar at the bottom, seeing that it is smooth.
Fig. 148. Mimeograph.