Bird Houses, Baths and Feeding Shelters: How to Make and Where to Place Them

by Edmund J. Sawyer

BIRD HOUSES
BATHS AND FEEDING SHELTERS
HOW TO MAKE AND
WHERE TO PLACE THEM

EDMUND J. SAWYER

CRANBROOK INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE
Bulletin No. 1, Fifth Edition

Fifth Edition
Copyright 1955
by The Cranbrook Institute of Science
Bloomfield Hills, Michigan

First printed as “Bird Houses”
First Edition, March, 1931, 2000 copies
Second Edition, February, 1938, 1500 copies

Revised and enlarged to include western species, baths, and shelters
Third Edition, December, 1940, 3000 copies
Fourth Edition, June, 1944, 5000 copies
June, 1951, 4000 copies
Fifth Edition, July, 1955, 6000 copies
September, 1963, 5000 copies

Printed by Litho-Art, Inc., from type set and printed by the Cranbrook Press

TABLE OF CONTENTS

[Foreword] 5 [Bird Houses and Common Sense] 7 [Some Current Notions Corrected] 7 [General and Miscellaneous] 11 [Material] 11 [Entrance] 11 [Nails] 13 [Slabs] 13 [Facilities for House Cleaning] 13 [Position of Boxes] 13 [Undesired Tenants] 14 [Thickets] 15 [Dimensions for Various Houses] 16 [House Wren] 18 [Other Wrens] 18 [Black-capped Chickadee] 18 [Other Chickadees] 19 [White-breasted Nuthatch] 20 [Other Nuthatches] 20 [Tufted Titmouse] 20 [Tree Swallow] 21 [Other Swallows] 21 [Eastern Bluebird] 21 [Other Bluebirds] 22 [Crested Flycatcher] 22 [Flickers] 23 [Purple Martin] 25 [Tree-nesting Ducks] 27 [Hawks and Owls] 28 [Common House Finch] 29 [Robin and Phoebe] 29 [Bird Baths] 33 [Food Stations] 35