3 And him as only god to call upon, 4 Till, through celestial doom thrown out of door,
doom > judgement
5 Into an ox he was transformed of yore:
of yore > of old, formerly
6 There also was King Croesus, that enhanced
Croesus > (King of Lydia, reigned 560-46 BC, who was fabled to turn everything he touched to gold) enhanced > exalted
7 His heart too high through his great riches' store;
riches' store > store of wealth
8 And proud Antiochus, who advanced
Antiochus > (Antiochus Epiphanes, - 164 BC, king of Syria who captured Judea and tried to eradicate Judaism, c. 166 BC)