1 There they do find that godly aged sire,

sire > father; elderly man

2 With snowy locks adown his shoulders shed,

adown > down

3 As hoary frost with spangles does attire 4 The mossy branches of an oak half dead. 5 Each bone might through his body well be read,

read > seen

6 And every sinew seen, through his long fast:

through > as a result of

7 For naught he cared his carcase long unfed;

naught > not at all, nothing at all cared > [cared about; cared for]