4. From the point of the ham to the ground, J, K.
5. From the dorsal angle of the scapula to the point of the haunch, D, D.
6. From the passage of the girth to the fetlock, M, I, or higher in large horses and racers; to the middle of the fetlock or lower for small ones and those of medium size.
7. From the superior fold of the stifle to the summit of the crupper in those specimens whose coxo-femoral angle is very open. This distance is always much less in others (G. and B.).[53]
[53] A proportion relative to the same region, and which at the outset might appear similar, is pointed out by Bourgelat (see [p. 266, paragraph 4]). But there exists a difference, for Bourgelat compared the length of the head, measured from the forelock to the commissure of the lips, and not that of the entire head, to the distance which separates the summit of the rump and the tip of the patella.
Two and a half times the length of the head gives:
1. The height of the withers, H, above the ground.[54]
[54] This proportion is that given by Bourgelat (see [p. 265, paragraph 2]).
2. The height of the summit of the crupper above the ground.[55]
[55] Consequently the withers and the crupper, being the same height, are situated on the same horizontal plane. Bourgelat, on the contrary, points out a difference of level in connection with these regions. According to him the summit of the crupper is situated below the horizontal plane passing the withers, and this distance equals half of the space which separates the great angle of one eye from that of the other (see [p. 269, paragraph 20]).