- Odowakar, his position and history, [96].
- Odysseus, his relation to his overlord, [18].
- Olbia, Diôn Chrysostom’s account of, [231].
- Olympiad, First, a starting-point, [10], [11].
- Otto the Great, Emperor, [131].
- Otto the Third, Emperor, [131].
- Ottoman Turks, their advance in Asia and Europe, [165]-[168].
P.
- Palaiologoi, their Empire a survival of the old Empire, [142];
- their recovery of Peloponnêsos, [ib.]
- Panormos, Phœnician colony, [24].
- Paris, the centre of France, [191].
- Parthia, Greek influence on, [15];
- its relations to Rome, [62].
- Patricians, Teutonic, [105].
- Peloponnêsos, recovered by the Palaiologoi, [142].
- Pergamon, the model kingdom, [37];
- Persia, its historic position, [27]-[29];
- Persian Wars, their nature, [21].
- Philip, how looked on at Megalopolis, [32].
- Philip the Fifth, his failure to help Hannibal, [51], [54].
- Phœnicia, its history and relation to Greece, [12]; [20];
- Physical inventions, their political effect, [183]-[185].
- Pippin, Patrician, [105];
- Pliny, his correspondence with Trajan, [225], [226]; [233]-[239];
- Plutarch, his account of contemporary Greek commonwealths, [225]-[230];
- Poland, Vienna delivered by, [171];
- share of the House of Austria in its partition, [172].
- Polybios, preserves the non-Athenian tradition of Philip, [32];
- Pompeius Gnæus, his work in the East, [61].
- Pontius Telesinus, [61].
- Pontos, Greek influence on, [15].
- Popes, a survival of the Empire, [155];
- Pragmatic Sanction, [152].
- Pressburg, Treaty of, [149].
- Protected states, their position, [224].
- Provence, its commonwealth, [192].
- Provinces, slow annexation of, [72], [73];
- Prusa, speech of Diôn Chrysostom at, [232].
- Punic Wars, an episode in European history, [49], [50].
- Pyrrhos, his Hellenic position, [14]; [17];
R.
- Ragusa, its commonwealth suppressed, [203].
- Ravenna, Emperors at, [157].
- Respublica, use of the word, [125].
- Rex Græciæ, Eastern Emperor so called, [108], [109].
- Rhodes, mention of in Homer, [19];
- Roger, Count, his recovery of Sicily, [135].
- Roman, use of the name, [43].
- Roman Church, its boundaries, [181], [182].
- Roman Empire, when did its decline begin? [75];
- its extension, [76];
- effect of the fifth century on, [79];
- its traditions kept on in the East, [79], [80];
- relations of its Eastern and Western divisions, [79]-[81];
- its enlargement under Charles, [105]; [109], [110];
- its nature under Charles, [106], [107];
- its final division in 800, [108], [109];
- parted from the Roman nation, [110], [111];
- translation of, [112]-[114];
- its extent in the fifth century, [122];
- its reconquest in the sixth century, [124]-[126];
- advance of centralization in, [211];
- change from republic to empire, [212]-[214].
- Roman kingdom, in Gaul, [123].
- Roman nation, created by the Edict of Antoninus, [42];
- Roman Senate, acts as an international court, [57], [58].
- Romance languages, their origin, [90].
- Romance nations, their origin, [90]-[92];
- their relation to the Roman Church, [182].
- Romani, use of the name, [73], [111].
- Romania, Latin Empire of, [145];
- its style, [146].
- Rome, her historic position, [3], [4];
- her epithet of “Eternal,” [4];
- her part in the Eastern Question, [5];
- her relation to Greece, [15];
- her early position, [26];
- her first dealings with Greeks, [31];
- her sudden entrance in the East, [35]; [37];
- slowness of her second advance, [39]-[41];
- her first relations with Greece, [40], [41];
- importance of her geographical position, [41];
- her rule, the rule of a city, [42];
- her historic calling, [43];
- her relations to Gauls and Teutons, [43], [44];
- her growth in Italy, [44], [45];
- effects of her war with Pyrrhos, [45];
- her rivalry and first war with Carthage, [46], [47];
- strife of with Carthage for Spain, [48], [49];
- her establishment beyond the Hadriatic, [49], [50];
- how affected by the Hannibalian war, [50]-[53];
- her position in the East after the first Macedonian war, [54]-[55];
- her advance in the second century B.C., [55]-[59];
- her time of trial, [60], [61];
- her relations with Syria and Gaul, [61], [62];
- her calling in the East, [62], [63];
- her special rivalry with Persia, [63];
- her first dealings with Germany, [64];
- Christianity needful for its mission, [67];
- change from commonwealth to Empire, [69];
- its effect on the city and the province, [69], [70];
- lessening of her local importance, [73], [74];
- remains specially Pagan, [74];
- falls away from the Empire, [80];
- her relation to her allies, [82]-[85];
- their slow incorporation, [84], [85];
- extension of Greek influence by, [93];
- her influence extended by the Teutonic settlements, [ib.];
- her influence beyond the Empire, [94];
- taken by the Goths, [95];
- never occupied by the Lombards, [98];
- her position compared with that of Constantinople, [100]-[102];
- absence of the Emperors from, [101];
- her relations to Mahometanism, [133];
- represented by the Popes, [164], [165]; [181], [182];
- the world without Rome, [173]-[176];
- the world before and after Rome, [176];
- effect of her reunion with Italy, [194], [195];
- her position under the Popes, [194];
- gradual establishment of her power, [209];
- modern analogies to, [ib.];
- nature of her power over her allies, [214]-[217];
- analogies with its internal constitution, [214];
- her treatment of her allies, [217], [218];
- comparison of her power in East and West, [239].
- Rome, Roum, Sultans of, [135]; [144], [145].
- Rouman language, its origin, [115].
- Roumans, their relation to the Slavs, [103];
- growth of, [119].
- Rudolf of Habsburg, King, not Emperor, [139].
- Russian Empire, [153], [154].
- Ῥωμαῖοι, use of the name, [73]; [86]; [117]; [141]; [146].
S.
- Samuel, Bulgarian Tzar, [133].
- San Marino, relations of, [217].
- Saxon Emperors, their work, [130], [131];
- their wars with the Magyars, [161].
- Saxons, first mentioned, [64].
- Scandinavia, Roman influence in, [94].
- Scotland, compared with Switzerland, [198].
- Second Century B.C., advance of Rome in, [55]-[59];
- time of Barbarian revival, [62].
- Seleukid Kings, their position, [36];
- Seljuk Turks, their conquest, [166].
- Sentinum, battle of, [44].
- Shires, English, their position, [210].
- Sicily, its relations to Greece, [14];
- Sidonius Apollinaris, [44].
- Sikans, mention of in Homer, [20].
- Sikels, mention of in Homer, [20].
- Simeon, Bulgarian Tzar, [113].
- Sixth Century A.D., its historical character, [124]-[126].
- Sixth Century B.C., greatest time of free Hellas, [23].
- Slaves, their relation to Rome, East and West, [94];
- Spain, her historic position, [48];
- Stephen Dushan, Servian Tzar, [113].
- Strabo, his description of the Lykian League, [223].
- Suevians, their settlement in Spain, [122].
- Sulla, Lucius, his work, [61].
- Swabian Emperors, their position, [148], [149];
- compared with the Austrian, [ib.]
- Switzerland, represents Burgundy, [197], [198];
- Sybaris, its time of greatness, [25].
- Syracuse, its time of greatness, [25].
- Syria, its position under Rome, [61];
- Saracen conquest of, [133].
T.
- Taras, Tarentum, its time of greatness, [25].
- Tauromenion, its long resistance, [134], [135].
- Teutonic nations, their relation to the Roman Church, [181], [182].
- Teutonic race, beginning of its threefold history, [64].
- Teutons, Roman influence extended by their settlements, [93].
- Theodoric, the East-Goth, [44];
- Theodoric, the West-Goth, [44].
- Theophilos, Emperor, annexes Cherson, [222].
- Thessalonikê, Empire of, [143].
- Third Century B.C., [36], [37];
- compared with the fifth century A.D., [81].
- Thucydides, his experience compared with that of Polybios, [35], [36].
- Trajan, his reign, [75], [76];
- Trebizond, Empire of, [143].
- Tribes, united into nations, [187];
U.