Le Dran (1685-1770) performed the first disarticulation of the thigh.
Morand (1697-1773) performed disarticulation of the upper arm.
Pierre Joseph Desault (1744-1795) was a great French anatomist and surgeon, who instituted a clinical school of surgery at the Hôtel Dieu in Paris. He frequently had an audience of six hundred.
He introduced many improvements in surgical practice and in the construction of surgical instruments.
G. de la Faye (d. 1781), a great surgeon and oculist, also disarticulated the shoulder joint.
A. Louis (1723-1792) was a distinguished military surgeon.
R. B. Sabatier (1723-1811) was a distinguished surgeon, anatomist, and ophthalmologist, and a man of great and all-round information on medical subjects in general.
P. F. Percy (1754-1825) was a military surgeon who introduced cold-water dressings into French surgery.
Antonio Scarpa (1748-1832), the famous Italian anatomist, held the chair of anatomy at Modena, was distinguished in every branch of anatomical research, and investigated the minute anatomy of the nerves and bones. He decided the long-debated question whether the heart is supplied with nerves in the affirmative. He wrote on diseases of the eye, on aneurism, and on hernia. He was an elegant scholar, “equally at home in the criticism of the fine arts and in the details of scientific agriculture.”
Amongst the principal Italian surgeons of the century were Bertrandi (1723-1797), Troja (1747-1827), and Palletta (1747-1823).