G. M. Thilenius in 1784 performed the first division of the tendo achillis for the cure of club-foot.
Justus Arneman (1763-1807) was a surgical professor at Göttingen, who wrote a system of surgery and advanced the study of diseases of the ear.
Camper (1722-1789), a Dutch surgeon of a mechanical turn of mind, made improvements in trusses. Leguin, a Frenchman, was the first to employ steel springs in trusses (1663). Tipharie in 1761 introduced the double truss.[1014]
Obstetricians.
Johann Palfyn (1649-1730), a celebrated obstetric physician, in 1721 invented, or rather re-introduced, a species of forceps in difficult labour.
Hugh Chamberlen, M.D. (1664-1728), was the most famous man-midwife of his day. His name is for ever associated with the invention of the obstetric forceps—a noble instrument, which has saved more lives than any mechanical invention ever associated with the healing art. A monument was erected to his memory in Westminster Abbey, with a long Latin epitaph by Bishop Atterbury.
William Smellie (1680-1763), a distinguished English obstetric physician, improved the midwifery forceps and suggested and performed various operations in obstetric practice.
William Bromfield (1712-1792) founded the Lock Hospital, London. He invented a tenaculum (a fine sharp hook by which the mouths of bleeding arteries are drawn out). He was a celebrated operator, and wrote a work on surgery.