(1) Answer the questions printed on pp. 255, 256 of F. Galton’s Inquiries into Human Faculty and Its Development (Everyman’s Library, E. P. Dutton & Co., New York; price 35 cents). When you have answered them, read Galton’s discussion of mental imagery, pp. 57 ff. (You will find many other interesting things in the book; for instance, the discussion of synæsthesia, pp. 105 ff.)
(2) Try to secure a memory after-image, (a) by glancing attentively at a lamplit study-table, and then closing the eyes; and (b) by listening attentively to a short musical phrase or to a dictated sentence. How do you distinguish this image from a positive after-image?
(3) Describe the tied images that you find in the following figure.
(4) How is it that very great differences in mental imagery may go undetected in everyday life?
(5) Try to give instances, from your own experience, (a) of the confusion of sensation and image, (b) of memory-colours, and (c) of the alteration of a perception by an image-complex. (An instance under (c) would be, for example, your failure to find something that you had lost, although it lay in plain sight, because you had a mental picture of it, different from its actual look in perception.)
(6) The following have been given, by various psychologists, as differences between sensation and simple feeling. What have you to say about them? (a) Sensation depends upon a present stimulus; feeling depends not only upon stimulus, but upon the whole state of the individual at the moment. (b) Sensations range between maximal differences; feelings between maximal opposites. (c) All sensations have corresponding images; there is no image of pleasantness or unpleasantness. (d) Sensations may be localised; feelings are not localisable.
(7) Professor Wundt, who first distinguished the groups of agreeable and disagreeable, exciting and subduing, straining and relaxing feelings, thinks that these experiences are not sense-feelings, but are all simple feelings; so that there are three dimensions of simple feeling, the pleasant-unpleasant, the exciting-subduing, and the straining-relaxing, corresponding in a way with the three dimensions of space. What criticism have you to offer? And how would you test Wundt’s theory?
(8) Do you think that a mixed feeling, a feeling which is at the same moment pleasant and unpleasant, is a possible experience? Give your reasons, and support them by observations. Can you remember any references, that bear on the question, in poetry or fiction?
(9) Analyse the sense-feelings of smarting pain, of health, of hunger, of oppressive heat.