3. Can you identify bright and faint stars from their designations or right ascensions and declinations? Have you Heis’ Atlas Cœlestis Novus, the Uranometria Argentina, the Durchmusterung, or other maps and catalogues of the stars?
4. Would you prefer to observe the known or the suspected variables, or to divide your time between them?
For convenience in making the reductions and for future reference, it is essential that all the observations should be made according to the same system. Observers are accordingly requested to adopt the following form. Use half-sheets of letter paper (eight inches by ten), writing only on one side and leaving a margin of half an inch for binding. Begin with a new sheet every evening, and write the date and location (township and state) on the first line. Each sheet when completed should be signed, and all should be numbered consecutively. When several sheets are used on the same night, the date should be entered on each. The record should be made in pencil, and all subsequent remarks or corrections added or interlined with ink, taking especial care not to obliterate or render illegible the original record.
A general statement should be made each evening of the condition of the sky, as “clear,” “hazy,” “passing clouds,” etc. The time of beginning and ending work should also be noted. One line should be assigned to each comparison. The hour and minute should be written to the left, and the comparison next to it. The right-hand half of the line will be left blank for reducing the observation.
Certain evenings or portions of evenings must also be devoted to the selection of the comparison stars of suspected variables. If they are contained in maps which are available, the letters assigned to each star may be marked on the maps and lines drawn to show with what suspected variable star they are associated. If preferred, a sketch may be made of the neighboring stars and the letters entered on them. This sketch with a proper description should be entered on the observing sheets described above, and a copy should be retained for reference. Every month the observations will be interrupted by moonlight, and accordingly, three or four days before the full moon, all the sheets that have accumulated should be mailed, addressed Harvard College Observatory, Cambridge, Mass. An acknowledgment will be sent at once, so that if this is not received a second notification should be sent.
To attain success it is particularly important that the plan should not be local or national. Observers in the southern hemisphere are much needed, and for some purposes those in various longitudes. It is hoped that among the many amateurs of Europe, and especially of England, may be found some ready to participate in this work. No restriction regarding the observations or publication is intended; but it is hoped that a large addition to our present knowledge of the variable stars may be secured, without interfering with what would otherwise be obtained. Copies of this pamphlet and further information will be furnished on application. Any persons desiring to participate are requested to address the writer, sending answers to the questions given above. The details will differ with each observer, and will be arranged by correspondence. Apart from the value of the results attained, it is believed that many amateurs will find it a benefit to accustom themselves to work in a systematic manner, and that they will thus receive a training in their work not otherwise easily obtained outside of a large observatory. The lesson should be taught that time spent at a telescope is nearly wasted, unless results are secured worthy of publication and having a permanent value. Those who have once accomplished such work are likely in the future to appreciate its value, and will often continue to do useful work in some other department of practical astronomy, if not in that of variable stars. The education of a class of skilled observers would be a work of no less value than the results anticipated from the observation of the variable stars.
EDWARD C. PICKERING.
Harvard College Observatory,
Cambridge, Mass.