1889. Professor Parker, `Catalogue of New Zealand Exhibition,' p. 119:

"The Penguins are characteristic Southern Hemisphere sea-birds, being represented in the Northern by the Puffins. They are flightless, but their wings are modified into powerful fins or flappers. Among the most interesting forms are the following— the King Penguin, <i>Aptenodytes longirostris</i>; Rock Hopper P., <i>Pygoscelis taeniatus</i>; Yellow-Crowned P., <i>Eudyptes antipodum</i>; Crested P., <i>E. pachyrhynchus</i>; Little Blue P., <i>E. minor</i> and <i>undina</i>."

<hw>Pennyroyal, Native</hw>, <i>n</i>. <i>Mentha gracilis</i>, R. Br., <i>N.O. Labiatae</i>. Much more acrid than the European species of <i>Mentha</i>; but used widely as a herbal medicine. Very common in all the colonies. See also <i>Mint</i>.

<hw>Pepper, Climbing</hw>, <i>n</i>. <i>Piper novae-hollandiae</i>, Miq., <i>N.O. Piperaceae</i>. Called also Native Pepper, and <i>Native Pepper-vine</i>. A tall plant climbing against trees in dense forests.

<hw>Peppermint</hw>, or <hw>Peppermint-tree</hw>, <i>n</i>. a name given to various Eucalypts, from the aromatic nature of their leaves or extracted essence. See quotation below from White, 1790. There are many species, and various vernacular names, such as <i>Brown Peppermint</i>, <i>Dandenong P</i>., <i>Narrow-leaved P</i>., <i>White P</i>., etc. are given in various parts to the same species. See Maiden's note on <i>Eucalyptus amygdalina</i>, under <i>Gum</i>. Other vernacular names of different species are <i>Bastard-Peppermint</i>, <i>Peppermint-Box</i>, <i>Peppermint-Gum</i>.

1790. J. White, `Voyage to New South Wales' (Appendix by Dr. Smith or John Hunter), pp. 226-27:

"The Peppermint Tree, <i>Eucalyptus piperita</i>. . . . The name of peppermint-tree has been given to this plant by Mr. White on account of the very great resemblance between the essential oil drawn from its leaves and that obtained from the Peppermint (<i>Mentha piperita</i>) which grows in England. This oil was found by Mr. White to be much more efficacious in removing all cholicky complaints than that of the English Peppermint, which he attributes to its being less pungent and more aromatic."

1832. J. Bischoff, `Van Diemen's Land,' c. ii. p. 23:

"The peppermint, so called from the leaves imparting to the taste that flavour, grows everywhere throughout the island."

1874. Garnet Walch, I Head over Heels,' p. 75: