[93] The 'Combined Fleet' was the everyday term in the Navy for the fleets of France and Spain while acting together. It was used also by the French and Spaniards themselves.
[94] Admiral Duncan at Camperdown, eight years before, attacked in a double column formation, but the circumstances otherwise were totally different.
[95] Memoirs and Services of General Sir S.B. Ellis, K.C.B., of the Royal Marines, p. 4. General Ellis was a second lieutenant of Marines in the Ajax at Trafalgar.
[96] Letter from Lieut. W. Price Cumby, first lieutenant of the Bellerophon.
[97] Personal Narrative of Events, Vice-Admiral Wm. Stanhope Lovell (formerly Badcock), p. 45.
[98] James's Naval History, vol. iii. p. 391.
[99] Lieut. P. Harris Nicolas, Royal Marines, in the Memoir of Admiral Sir William Hargood, G.C.B., Appendix E, p. 279.
[100] Episodios Nacionales, par B. Perez Galdos. Trafalgar, p. 157. Octava edicion. Madrid, 1893.
[101] Combat de Trafalgar. Rapport fait au Ministre de la Marine et des Colonies, par E. Lucas, commandant le Redoutable, etc. Published by H. Letuaire. Hyères, 1891.
[102] There were nearly 4000 French soldiers distributed among Admiral Villeneuve's fleet, mostly embarked for the West Indies when it originally sailed from Toulon.