[22] Commentariorum Chotimensis belli libri tres. Cracow, 1646.
[23] These were not broken during a march, differing in this from the laager. See Daleyrac, ch. i. p. 24.
[24] It was not a feudal tenure, however, for the nobles did not acknowledge any vassalage to the king. It was merely a bargain.—Daleyrac, ch. i. p. 23.
[25] Dyer (Modern Europe, vol. iii. p. 42, ed. 1864) gives no authority for his extraordinary statement that Wladislas entered into an elaborate conspiracy with the Cossacks against his own kingdom. Nothing could be more foreign to his character.
[26] Coyer makes Mark Sobieski die four years earlier, but his account of the Cossack war is so confused, that it is difficult to tell to what events he refers.
[27] He was descended from the elder branch of the house of Vasa—that of his grandfather, John III. of Sweden. His father, Sigismund III. of Poland, had by his Polish sympathies and Catholic education, alienated the affections of the Swedes.
[28] The Polish regular army was so called because a fourth of the royal revenues was employed to maintain them. Salvandy, i. p. 404.
[29] Coyer, who is followed by other writers, says that Sobieski was once a hostage with the khan of the Tartars at his own request, and made him a steady friend of Poland.
[30] Frederic William, the founder of the greatness of the house of Hohenzollern.
[31] He only carried the standard in the Pospolite; his office was a high military command. Coyer makes this the reward of his quelling the mutiny at Zborow, which seems most improbable.