47. These leaves are in almost universal use amongst the natives of India as a masticatory, in conjunction with lime and areca-nut; and can now be purchased, almost fresh, in any of the larger bazaars of the Punjaub, as they are forwarded by rail and post. There are two ways in which they may be usefully employed medicinally:
48. In Coughs, especially those of Infancy and Childhood, where there is difficulty of breathing, the application of betel leaves, warmed, smeared with oil, and applied in layers over the chest, often affords speedy and marked relief. It is a native practice, the utility of which has been confirmed by European experience. It can do no harm, may do much good, and is therefore worthy of a trial in all cases. The same application has been recommended in Congestion and other affections of the Liver.
49. For the purpose of Arresting the Secretion of Milk, when from any cause this may be desirable, betel leaves, warmed by the fire, and placed in layers over the breast, are stated to be very effectual. Thus employed they are also said to be useful in reducing Glandular Swellings.
50.
Bonduc Nut.
The fruit of Cæsalpinia (Guilandina) Bonducella, Linn.
Kat-kalijá, Kat-karanj (Hind.), Gajgá (Duk.), Nátá, Nátú-koranjá (Beng.), Kanjúá (Punj.), Kazhar-shik-káy (Tam.), Gech-chak-káyá (Tel.), Kalan-chik-kuru (Mal.), Gajaga-káyi (Can.), Gajaga (Mah.), Gájgá (Guz.) Kumbura-atta (Cing.), Kalén-zi (Burm.), Buah gorah (Malay).
51. These nuts, common in all the bazaars of India, are roundish or ovoid in shape, about half an inch, or more, in diameter, smooth, hard, of a grey or leaden colour externally, and contain a white starchy kernel of a pure, bitter taste. Their efficacy appears to reside in a bitter oil. Mr. Broughton failed to detect in them any special crystalline principle.
52. In Intermittent Fevers, especially in those of the natives, this remedy has been found very useful. It is adapted only for mild, uncomplicated cases, and is best given in the following form: Take of Bonduc seeds, deprived of their shells and powdered, one ounce; Black Pepper, powdered, one ounce; mix thoroughly, and keep in a well-stoppered bottle. Of this the dose is from 15 to 30 grains three times a day for adults. In smaller doses it is a good tonic in Debility after Fevers and other diseases. The bark of the root of the Bonduc shrub in 10 grain doses is reported to be even more effectual in the above cases than the seeds themselves.
53.