[18] The two, four, eight (or more) pages are printed on both sides of the sheet before it is folded. Two or more sheets are generally folded and put together to form a folio “section.”
[19] Such as Foolscap (17″ x 1312″), Crown (20″ x 15″), Demy (2212″ x 1712″), Royal (25″ x 20″), &c.
[20] In Oriental books, which are sometimes held by their top margins, the top is deepest.
[21] If the average number of words be previously fixed—as in a poem (see p. [95])—that will practically determine the size of the writing.
[22] They are often ruled double (see p. [343]), and sometimes the top and foot lines are ruled from edge to edge of the sheet.
[23] Though Versals may generally be regarded as paragraph marking letters, it is convenient to apply the term to the Versal type of letter—e.g. “a heading in Versal letters” (see fig. [91]).
[24] In “Roman” letters the thicks and thins are not necessarily strongly marked, though their pen-forms have often a natural “Gothic” tendency.
[25] The mediæval scribes often made the first line of a chapter or book in uniform capitals (excepting the initial letter). The succeeding line generally was smaller, and of a different colour and type—even when a divided word was carried over into it.
[26] Minium = red-lead, used in early times for “rubrics” and drawings, hence is derived the word “Miniature.”
[27] An illuminated Page will allow of a few lines of black text at the foot (an arrangement very common in the elaborate Initial Pages of the fifteenth century), but these should be quite subordinate to the “Illumination.”