: better (pen) forms of these are shewn in fig. [e].

P. [208]. Ornamental Letter forms may consist of flourishes, patterns, leaves, flowers, &c. (see fig. [f]).

Pp. [215][217]. Diapering generally means the variegation, figuring, or flowering, of a plain or patterned surface, with a finer pattern (see fig. [191a]). Some diagrams of simple patterns (gg2 from modern cantagalli ware) are shewn in fig. [g]. Note: the more solid penwork line-fillings in figs. [87], [126], make effective framing borders (see fig. [h]).

Pp. [219][220]. Note: the principle of breaking straight or long lines, mentioned in regard to background edges (p. [190]), and illustrated in the line-finishings (fig. [126]) and flourishes (fig. [79]), is related to branching out and is re-creative, whereas the prolonged line is tiresome (see figs. [k], k1, & comp. k2).

P. [249]. The B & D should be round-shouldered—see note p. 280 below. [p-xxvi]

P. [260]. It is sometimes better to make narrow forms than to combine wide ones—example fig. [l].

Pp. [270][275].
Pp. [280][288]. The large types—“Old Face” (founded on Caslon Type) and “Old French” (modern) respectively—are used in these pages as reference or index letters (not as models).

P. [280]. Generally round-shouldered letters have finer and more stable forms than square-shouldered, and generally emphasis should be laid on the strong, thick stroke running obliquely down from left to right (