The Product is the result of the multiplication.
The Multiplicand is the number to be taken.
The Multiplier is the number denoting how many times the multiplicand is to be taken.
The multiplier and multiplicand are the Factors.
| Multiply 623 by 3 OPERATION | |
| Multiplicand | 623 |
| Multiplier | 3 |
| Product | 1869 |
Explanation.—For convenience we write the multiplier under the multiplicand, and begin with units to multiply. 3 times 3 units are 9 units. We write the nine units in units' place in the product. 3 times 2 tens are 6 tens. We write the 6 tens in tens' place in the product. 3 times 6 hundreds are 18 hundreds, or 1 thousand and 8 hundreds. The 1 thousand we write in thousands' place and the 8 hundreds in hundreds' place in the product. Therefore, the product is 1 thousand 8 hundreds, 6 tens and 9 units, or 1869.
SHORT MULTIPLICATION WITHOUT CARRYING: INDUCTIVE EXPLANATION
1. The children of the third grade are to have a picnic. 32 are going. How many sandwiches will they need if each of the 32 children has four sandwiches?
| 32 4 | Here is a quick way to find out:— Think "4 × 2," write 8 under the 2 in the ones column. Think "4 × 3," write 12 under the 3 in the tens column. |
2. How many bananas will they need if each of the 32 children has two bananas? 32 × 2 or 2 × 32 will give the answer.