[572] This is illustrated in two charming pictures of the end of the fifteenth century in the Royal MS. 19 cviii. cap., folios 3 and 90, where the town with its wall, round towers, moat and bridge, and one great church dominating the houses, rises out of the park-like meadows with a castle on a neighbouring height. In the lower margin of the late fourteenth-century MS. (Royal 13 A iii.) the scribe has given a number of sketches, very neatly executed, of towns mentioned in his narrative. They are probably for the most part fancy sketches, but they serve to show that the idea of a town in the mind of a mediæval draughtsman was a wall and gates with a grove of towers and spires soaring above. See folios 27, 32, 33, 34, etc., and especially “London,” folio 56. An interesting view of a town with a great church and several smaller towers and spires appearing over the walls is in Lydgate’s “Siege of Thebes,” 18 D. 11, folio 148.
[573] It seems likely that sometimes the same proprietor built more than one church for his tenants, e.g. Abbot Ursin is said to have built three churches for his burgh of St. Alban (see [p. 513]). The Abbey of St. Edmund seems to have built two within a very short period (see [p. 511]). At Lincoln, a lay proprietor, Colsuen, shortly after the Conquest, built thirty-six houses and two churches on a piece of waste ground outside the city given to him by the king (“Domesday Book”).
[574] References to the plan of Norwich. Places within the city indicated by letters—
A. St. Leonard’s.
B. Bishop’s Gate.
C. The Cathedral Church.
D. St. Martin’s at the Pallis Gale.
E. St. Bathold’s.
F. St. Clement’s.
G. St. Augustine’s.
H. St. Martin’s at the Oke.
I. The Castle.
K. St. Peter’s Permantigate.
L. St. Martin’s on the Hill.
M. St. John’s on the Hill.
N. St. Michael’s.
O. St. John’s at the Gate.
P. St. Stephen’s.
Q. The Market Place.
R. St. Gyles’s Gate.
S. Hell Gate.
T. St. Benet’s Gate.
V. St. Stephen’s Gate.
W. Pockethorpe Gate.
X. The New Milles.
Y. Chapell in the Field.
Z. St. Martin’s Gate.
[575] “Historic Towns: London.” Rev. W. I. Loftie.
[576] “Stowe’s Survey of London,” vol. ii. p. 26 (by Strype, A.D. 1720).
[577] “It may be that the parochial system was not fully organized in Exeter till the time of the Ordinance (of 1222), and that while some of the chapels were suppressed, others were now raised to the rank of parish churches” (E. A. Freeman, “Historic Towns”: Exeter).
[578] References to the Plan of Exeter. Places of the city indicated by figures—
1. East Gates.
2. St. Lawrence.
3. The Castle.
4. Corrylane.
5. St. Ione Cross.
6. St. Stephen’s.
7. Bedford House.
8. St. Peter’s.
9. Bishop’s Pallace.
10. Palace Gate.
11. Trinity.
12. Bear Gate.
13. St. Marye’s.
14. Churchyard.
15. St. Petroke’s.
16. High Stret.
17. Guild Hall.
18. Alhallowes.
19. Goldsmith Stret.
20. St. Paule.
21. Paule Stret.
22. St. Pancres.
23. Waterbury Stret.
24. North Gate.
25. Northgate Stret.
26. St. Keran’s.
27. Cooke Row.
28. Bell Hill.
29. Southgate Stret.
30. South Gate.
31. Grenny Stret.
32. St. Gregorie’s.
33. Milk Lane.
34. The Shambles.
35. St. Olaves.
36. St. Mary Arche.
37. Archer Lane.
38. St. Nicholas.
39. St. John’s.
40. Friar Waye.
41. Little Britaine.
42. Alhallowes.
43. St. Marie’s Steps.
44. West Gate.
45. Smithen Stret.
46. Idle Lane.
47. Postern Stret.
48. Racke Lane.
[579] Its thirteenth century hall and fourteenth century dormitory still exist.