| [CHAPTER I.] |
| OUR HEATHEN FOREFATHERS. |
| The land only partially reclaimed, [1]—The Anglo-Saxon conquest,
[2]—Civil constitution, [4]—Religion, [7]—Structural temples,
[8]—Priests, [11]. |
| |
| [CHAPTER II.] |
| THE CONVERSION OF THE ENGLISH. |
| Conversion of the heptarchic kingdoms, [14]—Its method,
[16]—Illustrations from the history of Jutland, Norway, etc., [17]—The
cathedral centres, [20]—Details of mission work, [21]—Mission stations, [24]. |
| |
| [CHAPTER III.] |
| THE MONASTIC PHASE OF THE CHURCH. |
| Multiplication of monasteries, [28]: in Kent, [29]; Northumbria, [29]; East
Anglia, [31]; Wessex, [31]; Mercia, [31]—List of other Saxon monasteries,
[33]—Constitution of the religious houses, [35]—Their destruction by the
Danes, [37]—Rebuilding in the reigns of Edgar and Canute, [37]. |
| |
| [CHAPTER IV.] |
| DIOCESAN AND PAROCHIAL ORGANIZATION. |
| Character of the new converts, [38]—Coming of Archbishop Theodore,
[40]—Union of the Heptarchic Churches, [41]—Subdivision of dioceses,
[41]—Introduction of the parochial system, [43]—Northumbria made a
second province, [49]—Multiplication of parishes, [50]—Different classes
of churches, [53]—Number of parishes at the Norman Conquest, [54]. |
| |
| [CHAPTER V.] |
| THE SAXON CLERGY. |
| Laws of the heptarchic kingdoms: of Ethelbert, [57]; of Ine, [57]; of
Wihtred, [57]—Council of Clovesho (747), [60]—Laws of Alfred, [65]; of
Athelstan, [66]—Canons of Edgar, [66]—Laws of Ethelred, [72]—Canons of
Elfric, [74]—Privilege of sanctuary, [75]—Tithe and other payments,
[78]—Observance of Sunday and holy days, [79]—Slavery, [81]—Manumission,
[81]. |
| |
| [CHAPTER VI.] |
| THE NORMAN CONQUEST. |
| Foreign bishops and abbots introduced, [84]—Parochial clergy
undisturbed, [85]—Papal supremacy, [85]—Separation of civil and
ecclesiastical Courts, [86]—Norman cathedrals and churches, [87]—Revival
of monasticism, [90]—Appropriation of parochial benefices, [91]. |
| |
| [CHAPTER VII.] |
| THE FOUNDATION OF VICARAGES. |
| Mode of appropriation of parishes, [95]—Evil results, [97]—Ordination of
vicarages, [98]—Its conditions, [99]—Not always fulfilled,
[108]—Abuses, [109]. |
| |
| [CHAPTER VIII.] |
| PAROCHIAL CHAPELS. |
| Chapels-of-ease for hamlets, [110]—Some of them elevated into churches,
[110]—Rights of mother churches safeguarded, [121]—Free chapels, [123]. |
| |
| [CHAPTER IX.] |
| THE PARISH PRIEST—HIS BIRTH AND EDUCATION. |
| Saxon clergy largely taken from the higher classes, [127]—The career
opened up by the Church to all classes, [129]; even to serfs,
[130]—Education of the clergy, [131]—The Universities, [136]—Schools of
thought, [136]—The scholastic theology, [137]—The contemplative,
[138]—Oxford: its colleges, [140]—The students, [141]—Ordination,
[144]—Institution, [146]. |
| |
| [CHAPTER X.] |
| PARSONAGE HOUSES. |
| Like lay houses, [149]—Examples at West Dean and Alfriston, Sussex,
[152]—Descriptions of: at Kelvedon, [154]; Kingston-on-Thames, Bulmer,
Ingrave, [155]; Ingatestone, [156]; Little Bromley, North Benfleet, [157];
West Hanningfield, [158]—Hospitality, [158]—Smaller houses,
[160]—Dilapidations, [162]. |
| |
| [CHAPTER XI.] |
| FURNITURE AND DRESS. |
| Sumptuary laws, [164]—Disregard of them, [167]—Contemporary pictures,
[169]—Extracts from wills, [172]—Introduction of sober colours,
[174]—Wills, [175]. |
| |
| [CHAPTER XII.] |
| FABRIC AND FURNITURE OF CHURCHES, AND OFFICIAL VESTMENTS. |
| Grandeur of the churches compared with domestic buildings,
[184]—Furniture of churches, [187], [190]—List of necessary things,
[189]—Clerical vestments: pallium, chasuble, [191]; stole, maniple,
amice, dalmatic, [192]; cope, surplice, [193]; amyss, [194]—Fanciful
symbolism, [196]; a bishop in “full canonicals,” [198]. |
| |
| [CHAPTER XIII.] |
| THE PUBLIC SERVICES IN CHURCH. |
| Matins, mass, and evensong, [200]—Sunday attendance, [201]—Communion,
[200]—Laxity of practice, [204]—Week-day services, [205]—The Bidding
Prayer, [207]—Bede Roll, [211]—Chantry services, [212]. |
| |
| [CHAPTER XIV.] |
| PREACHING AND TEACHING. |
| Not neglected, [214]—Manuals of teaching, [214]; Archbishop Peckham’s,
[216]—Helps for preachers, [223]—Analysis of sin, [226]; Arbor Virtutum,
[229]; Arbor Viciorum, [230]—Types and antitypes, [231]. |
| |
| [CHAPTER XV.] |
| INSTRUCTIONS FOR PARISH PRIESTS. |
| Analysis of a book of that title by John Myrk, [232]—The personal
character and conduct which befit a priest, [233]—A parish priest’s
duties, [234]—Non-communicating attendance at Holy Communion, [235],
note—The “holy loaf,” [235]—Behaviour of the people in church,
[236]—The people’s way of joining in the mass, [236]—Behaviour in
churchyard, [238]—Visitation of the sick, [239]. |
| |
| [CHAPTER XVI.] |
| POPULAR RELIGION. |
| Education more common than is supposed, [241]—Books for the laity in
French and English, [242]—Creed and Vision of “Piers Plowman,” the
tracts of Richard of Hampole and Wiclif, [242]—“Lay Folks’ Mass-book,”
[243]—Primers, [249]—Religious poetry: Cædmon, [250]; “The Love of Christ
for Man’s Soul,” [255]; “The Complaint of Christ,” [256]. |
| |
| [CHAPTER XVII.] |
| THE CELIBACY OF THE CLERGY. |
| Object of the obligation, [258]—Opposition to it, [259]—Introduced late
in the Saxon period, [260]—Endeavour to enforce it in Norman and later
times, [261]—Evasion of the canons, [268]—Legal complications,
[270]—Popular view, [271]—Disabilities of sons of the clergy,
[273]—Dispensations for it, [275]. |
| |
| [CHAPTER XVIII.] |
| VISITATION ARTICLES AND RETURNS. |
| Visitation of parishes, [279]—Visitation questions, [280]—Examples from
returns to the questions, [285]—Popular estimation of the clergy, [289]. |
| |
| [CHAPTER XIX.] |
| PROVISION FOR OLD AGE. |
| Assistant chaplain, [290]—Coadjutor assigned, [291]—A leprous vicar,
[294]—Retirement on a pension, [295]—A retiring vicar builds for himself
a “reclusorium” in the churchyard, [295]—Parish chaplain retires on a
pension, [296]—Death and burial, [296]. |
| |
| [CHAPTER XX.] |
| THE PARISH CLERK. |
| Ancient office, [298]—Its duties, [299]—Stipend, [301]—Sometimes students
for orders, [302]—Gilds of parish clerks, [303]—Chaucer’s parish clerk, [304]. |
| |
| [CHAPTER XXI.] |
| CUSTOMS. |
| Sanctuary for persons, [306]; and property, [307]—Belonged to some
persons, [308]—Pilgrimage, [308]—Special ceremonies, [311]—Lights,
[311]—Miracles and passion plays, [315]—Fairs, markets, and sports in
the churchyard, [316]—Church ales, [317]. |
| |
| [CHAPTER XXII.] |
| ABUSES. |
| Papal invasions of the rights of patronage, [319]—The intrusion of
foreigners into benefices, [320]—Abuse of patronage by the Crown,
[321]—Pluralities, [323]—Farming of benefices, [324]—Holding of benefices
by men in minor orders, [324]—Absenteeism, [330]—Serfdom, [332]. |
| |
| [CHAPTER XXIII.] |
| THE CATHEDRAL. |
| Served by secular canons, [334]—Organization of its clerical staff,
[334]—The dignitaries, [335]—The dean and chapter, [335]—Monastic
cathedral, [336]—Archdeacons, [337]—Synods and visitations, [337]—Lincoln
Cathedral, [338]—Bishop’s palace, [339]—The close, [340]—Residentiary
houses, [341]—Vicars’ court, [341]—Chantries, [342]—Chapter house,
[342]—Common room, [344]—The first dean
and canons, [343]—Revenues of
the bishop, [344]; of the dean and dignitaries, [345]; of the
prebendaries, [350]; of the archdeacons, [353]; of the vicars choral, [354];
of the chantry priests, [355]; of the choristers, [356]—Lay officers,
[356]—Chichester Cathedral, [359]—Revenues of bishop, dean, dignitaries,
prebendaries, archdeacons, and vicars choral, [360-362]—Prince bishops, [363]. |
| |
| [CHAPTER XXIV.] |
| MONKS AND FRIARS. |
| Character of the monks, [365]—Place of the monasteries in social life,
[366]—Influence upon the parishes, [369]—Friars, their origin;
organization, [370]—Work, [373]—Rivalry with parish clergy,
[374]—Character, [377]—Faults of the system, [378]. |
| |
| [CHAPTER XXV.] |
| THE “TAXATIO” OF POPE NICHOLAS IV. |
| Origin of firstfruits and tenths, [380]—Taxation of a specimen deanery,
[381]—Number of parishes, [384]—Value of parochial benefices,
[386]—Number of clergy, [389]. |
| |
| [CHAPTER XXVI.] |
| THE “VALOR ECCLESIASTICUS” OF HENRY VIII. |
| Number of parishes, [394]—Income, [395]—Sources of income,
[397]—Comparative value of money in 1292, 1534, and 1890,
[404]—Economical status of parochial clergy, [406]. |
| |
| [CHAPTER XXVII.] |
| DOMESTIC CHAPELS. |
| Early existence, [408]—Saxon, [409]—Norman, [409]—Edwardian,
[410]—Later, [411]. |
| |
| [CHAPTER XXVIII.] |
| THE CHANTRY. |
| Characteristic work of the centuries, [438]—Definition of a chantry,
[438]—“Brotherhood” of the religious houses, [439]—A chantry a kind of
monument, [441]—Began in thirteenth century, [442]—Their distribution
over the country, [443]—Foundation deed of Daundy’s chantry,
[444]—Chantry of the Black Prince, [446]—Burghersh chantry, [447]—Chantry
of Richard III., [447]; of Henry VII., [447]—Parochial benefices
appropriated to chantries, [449]—Nomination to, [451]—Chantry chapels
within the church, [453]; at Winchester, [453]; Tewkesbury, [454]—Additions
to the fabric of the church, [454]—Separate building in the churchyard,
[455]—Temporary chantries for a term of years, [457]—Mortuary services,
[458]—Remuneration of chantry priests, [461]—Number of cantarists,
[464]—Their character, [465]—Hour of their services, [466]—Some chantries
were chapels-of-ease, [467]—Some were grammar schools, [469]. |
| |
| [CHAPTER XXIX.] |
| GILDS. |
| Definition, [473]—Trade gilds, [475]—Religious gilds, [476]—For the
augmentation of Divine service, [478]—For the maintenance of bridges,
roads, chantries, [478]—Services, [479]—Social gilds, [482]—Methods of
obtaining better services and pastoral care, [483]. |
| |
| [CHAPTER XXX.] |
| THE MEDIÆVAL TOWNS. |
| Description of, [486]—Parochial history of the towns, [489]—Peculiar
jurisdictions, the origin of town parishes, [490]—Norwich, [490]—London,
[492]—Exeter, [497]—Bristol, [499]—York,
[503]—Ipswich, [506]—Burton,
[508]—St. Edmund’s Bury, [510]—St. Albans, [513]—Manchester,
[514]—Rotherham, [516]—Sheffield, [519]—Newark, [523]—Recluses,
[526]—Bridge-chapels, [527]—London Bridge, [529]. |
| |
| [CHAPTER XXXI.] |
| DISCIPLINE. |
| Definition, [531]—Exercise of, in Saxon times, [532]—Norman and
subsequent times, [533]—Examples of, among the clergy, [533], [537]—Laity,
[535]—Resistance to, pictorial illustrations, [543]—General sentences of
excommunication, [544]. |
| |
| [CHAPTER XXXII.] |
| RELIGIOUS OPINIONS. |
| Schools of thought: progressive, [546]; and conservative, [547]—Religious
character of the centuries: twelfth, [547]; thirteenth, [548]; fourteenth,
[549]; Chaucer’s “Poore parson;” fifteenth, [552]. |
| |
| [APPENDIX I.] |
| The history of the parish of Whalley, [557]. |
| |
| [APPENDIX II.] |
| Comparative view of the returns of the “Taxatio,” the “Valor,” and the
modern “Clergy List” in the two rural deaneries of Barstaple, Essex,
[562]; and Brigg, Canterbury, [564]. |
| |
| [APPENDIX III.] |
| References to pictorial illustrations in MSS. in the British Museum, [567]. |
