Turkey, the Great Powers, and the Bagdad Railway: A study in imperialism

by Edward Mead Earle

[9] Parliamentary Debates, House of Commons, Volume 21 (1911), p. 82.

[10] Cf. supra, pp. 224–225.

[11] Cf. G. Saint-Yves, “Les chemins de fer français dans la Turquie d’Asie,” in Questions diplomatiques et coloniales, Volume 37 (1914), pp. 526–531; Anatolia, pp. 51–52.

[12] It was proposed that the Anatolian Railways should construct three branches: one from a point east of Bulgurlu north and north-east to Kaisarieh and Sivas; a second from Angora east to the aforementioned branch, joining it near Kaisarieh; a third from Adabazar to Boli. The branch of the Bagdad Railway from Nisibin to Diarbekr and Arghana was authorized by the concession of 1903.

[13] Much of the present account of the negotiations of the years 1910–1914 is based upon documentary material furnished by Dr. von Gwinner and upon additional information supplied by Sir Henry Babington Smith and Djavid Bey. Almost everything heretofore published has been very general in character, but one may find some illuminating details in the following: R. de Caix, “La France et les chemins de fer de l’Asie turque,” in Questions diplomatiques et coloniales, Volume 36 (1913), pp. 386–387; Armenia and Kurdistan, p. 36; Commerce Reports, No. 18a (1915), pp. 2–3; Stenographische Berichte, XIII Legislaturperiode, 1 Session, Volume 291 (1913), pp. 6274c et seq.; American Journal of International Law, April, 1918; Commandant de Thomasson, “Les négotiations franco-allemandes,” in Questions diplomatiques et coloniales, Volume 37 (1914), pp. 257 et seq.

[14] For certified copies of the minutes of the meetings of August 19–20 and September 24–26, 1913, and for the text of the convention of February 15, 1914, the author is indebted to Dr. von Gwinner.

[15] Stenographische Berichte, XIII Legislaturperiode, 1 Session, Volume 291 (1913), p. 6274c. No. 111 of a series of despatches published by the German Foreign Office (Berlin, 1915), an English translation of which is to be found in E.D. Morel’s Diplomacy Revealed (London, 1921), pp. 282–283.

[16] Parliamentary Papers, No. Cmd. 964 (1920).

[17] Cf. de Caix, op. cit., pp. 386–387.