The Cultivation and Manufacture of Tea

by Edward Money

“We are convinced that when the figures are available our readers will be rather astonished at the difference from a sanitary point of view.

“On the whole, we think that Colonel Money’s invention is by far the most important application of common sense and scientific knowledge to Tea manufacture that we have yet seen, and we are almost certain that his apparatus will before long be adopted throughout the Indian Tea districts.”[108]

[INDEX.]

• Area required for a garden, [2]
• — large, a mistake, [2]
• Boxes, [147]
• — cost of, [161]
• Climate, [14]
• — in each district, [14] to [25]
• — wanted, [14]
• — rainfall, [14], [28]
• — rain table, [28]
• — temperature table, [26]
• — elevation table, [26]
• — cold, [14]
• — hot winds, [14]
• — affects flavour of tea, [15]
• — good for tea, bad for man, [15], [35]
• Cultivation, [81]
• — what is it, [81]
• — when a waste of labour, [81]
• — by digging round each plant, [82]
• — weeds not to get ahead, [83]
• — Dutch hoe for, [83]
• — cost each operation per acre, [84]
• — cost of, to 6th year, [84]
• — cost of in full bearing, [85]
• Districts, [13]
• — which best, [30]
• — rainfall in, [28]
• — cold in, [26]
• — of Assam, [15]
• — of Cachar, [16]
• — of Chittagong, [16]
• — of Terai below Darjeeling, [18]
• — of Dehra Dhoon, [18]
• — of Kangra, [19]
• — of Darjeeling, [20]
• — of Kumaon, [22]
• — of Gurhwal, [24]
• Districts of Hazareebaugh, [24]
• — of Neilgherries, [24]
• — of Western Dooars, [25]
• — meteorological table of, [26]
• — comparative advantages of, [30]
• — soil of, [13] to [25]
• — jungle of, [13] to [25]
• — lay of land of, [13] to [25]
• — price waste lands in, [4]
• — elevation of, [26]
• — temperature of, [26]
• Distances for plants, [72]
• — table of, [72]
• — regulated by class, [72]
• — best, [72]
• Flushes, [97]
• — number of, [97] to [101]
• — way formed, [104]
• — differ in districts, [98]
• — intervals between, [99]
• Hills and Plains—
• — comparison of, chap. [iii.]
• — high elevations bad, do.
• — table of elevation, [26]
• Jungle, [34]
• — what best in Himalayas, [34]
• — not of much consequence in Bengal, [34]
• Jungle, coarse grass, [34]
• — cutting, [75]
• Labour, [10]
• — local, [10], [11], [12]
• — imported, [10], [11], [12]
• — government action, [10], [11]
• — cost of imported, [10]
• Labour in tea districts, chap. [iii.]
• Laying out a garden, [42]
• Lay of land and aspect, [37]
• — flat, sloping, steep, [7], [13], [35]
• — aspect, [39]
• — valleys, [40]
• — narrow valleys, [40]
• Lay of land and selection of steep land, [7], [37]
• — disadvantages of steep land, [37]
• — lines on steep land, [46]
• — plants close on steep land, [45]
• Leaf-picking, [102]
• — principles of, [102]
• — diagram of shoot, [104]
• — teas made from each leaf, [107]
• — cannot make separate teas in practice, [107]
• — pruning connected with, [102]
• — mistakes in, [42]
• — how shoots form, [104]
• — mode of, [104]
• Manufacture, [109]
• — importance of good, [109]
• — old and new plan, [110]
• — withering, [110], [111], [123]
• — rolling, [111], [112]
• — panning, [109], [112]
• — sunning, [112], [128]
• — tea, how judged, [113]
• — Pekoe tips, [105], [106], [114], [115], [116], [122]
• — strong teas and Pekoe tips incompatible, [116]
• — fermenting or colouring, [127]
• — firing or dholing, [128]
• — of flowery Pekoe, [130]
• Manufacture of green tea, [130], [144]
• — sifting and sorting, [134], [135], [136], [161]
• — sieves, [135]
• — Chinese sieves best, [135]
• — classes of tea, [137]
• — cost of, [160]
• — ignorance of, [7]
• Manufacture, coarse leaf, [126]
• — burntness, [143]
• Manure, [67]
• — advantages of, [17], [67]
• — how to apply, [68]
• — quantity, [69]
• — cost of, [69]
• — kinds of, [67]
• — results of, [69]
• Management, accounts, forms, [152]
• — what qualities required for a Manager, [152]
• — forms, [153]
• — accounts, [158]
• Making a garden, [73]
• — general instructions for, [73]
• Mechanical contrivances, [116]
• — McMeekin’s rolling table, [116]
• — Kinmond’s rolling machine, [116]
• — Nelson’s rolling machine, [118]
• — Jackson’s rolling machine, [116]
• — McMeekin’s drawers, [119]
• — Money’s furnace, [121], [296]
• — sifting machines, [121]
• — machine required to separate the leaves, [122]
• — packing machines, [121]
• Miscellaneous:—
• Transport, chap. [iii.]
• — in each district, chap. [iii.]
• Green tea, [21], [130], [144]
• Stagnant water, [40]
• Inundation, [40]
• Sections, [42]
• Yield, [43], [170]
• Lines of plants, [45], [46]
• Roads, [45]
• Relative price green and black teas, [133]
• Yield first [10] years, [170]
• Necessities for tea, [173], [180]
• Past, present, and future of Indian tea, [174]
• Strange facts about tea, [174]
• Imports, [177]
• Annual consumption, [177]
• Collapse of tea speculation, [178]
• Share list to-day, [179]
• Money matters: will tea pay?, [1]
• — why has it not paid sometimes?, [1], [6]
• — cause of failures, [1] to [8]
• — wilful extensions, [6]
• — price paid for gardens, [8]
• — faulty area sold, [8]
• — cost of making a 300-acre garden, [163]
• — how much profit tea can give, [168]
• — table, result [300] acres for [12] years, [172]
• Packing, [147]
• — lead case for, [147]
• — larger each break the better, [151]
• — cost of, [161]
• Planting at stake, [59]
• — advantages of, [57]
• — disadvantages of, [58]
• — mode of, [59]
• Pruning, [86]
• — time for, [86]
• — instruments for, [87]
• — height to prune, [88]
• — cost of, [88]
• Sale Lands, Waste Lands—
• — sale waste lands, [3]
• — auction system, [3]
• — price waste lands, [4]
• — title, [4]
• Sanitation, [35]
• Seed, [54]
• — transport of, [55]
• — price of, [7]
• — shade, natural, [62]
• — do. artificial, [64]
• — how to sow, [57]
• — when ripe, [54]
• — treatment of, [54]
• Seed as manure, [55]
• — number in [1] maund, [56]
• — proportions that germinate, [56]
• — Government gave seed, [51]
• — indigenous hybrid and China alike, [51]
• — how to increase, [55]
• — nurseries or stake planting best, [57]
• Soil, [31]
• — only general rules for, [31]
• — sandy, [31]
• — greasy, [32]
• — poor, [32]
• — Ball on, [32]
• — friable and porous, [32]
• — in Tea districts, [13], [25], [31]
• — clay, [33]
• — decayed vegetation, [33]
• — for seed beds, [62]
• Transplanting, [76]
• — holes for, [59], [76]
• — mode of, [77]
• — results of bad, [77]
• — when to be finished, [78]
• — best days for, [79]
• Vacancies, [92]
• — difficult to fill up, [92]
• — why difficult, [92]
• — best plan to fill up, [92]
• — large proportion of, [6]
• Varieties of tea plants, [47]
• White-ants, Crickets, Blight, [89]
• — harm done by crickets, [89]
• — harm done by white-ants, [90]
• — harm done by blight, [91]
• — remedies for crickets, [90]
• — do. white-ants, [91]
• — do. blight, [91]
• Weeds, [82]
• — ahead of labour, [83]

INDEX
TO THE ADDITIONS IN FOURTH EDITION.

• Agricultural machinery, [223]
• America, [185], [204], [205], [209]
• Amsterdam Exhibition, [202] to [211]
• Any fuel versus charcoal, [239], [258]
• Australia, [201], [202], [204], [205], [207] to [209]
• Brick tea, [212]
• Calcutta Syndicate, [202], [206], [208], [210], [211], [212], [214]
• China tea trade, [288]
• China, [194] to [198], [201] to [207], [210] to [212], [288]
• Consumption of China and Indian Tea, [201]
• Continent of Europe, [202], [211]
• Damage to tea by procedure in London, [272], [273]
• Darby’s digger, [225]
• Date of commencement of tea cultivation in each district, [194]
• Deliveries and stocks, [195], [197] to [201]
• Discovery of indigenous tea, [194]
• Dryers, by Robertson, the Typhoon, [240], [241]
• „ Allen, [242]
• „ Davidson, the Sirocco, [243], [244]
• „ Gibbs and Barry, [244]
• „ Shand, [244], [245], [246]
• „ Jackson, [246] to [248]
• „ Kinmond, [248] to [257]
• Fermenting Shelves, [239], [258]
• First tea in India, [194]
• Greatest and least possible loss by Custom House procedure, [274], [275]
• Green tea, [203], [204]
• Himalayan gardens, [212]
• Hoop iron, [271]
• How loss by Custom House procedure could be avoided, [275] to [278]
• Imports into Great Britain, [194], [195], [198] to [200], [203]
• Increase of Indian Imports into Great Britain, [195]
• Indian produce for 1883, [195]
• Indian versus China tea, [219]
• Jebens’ transplanter, [223]
• Local market in India, [213] to [218]
• Loss of tea by procedure in London, [272], [273]
• Loss on China teas, [288] to [290]
• Machinery, [222] to [271]
• Making Indian tea known in United Kingdom, [218] to [221]
• Manufacturing machinery, [231] to [271]
• Markets outside Great Britain, [207] to [217]
• Money loss to producers and Customs by method of weighing in vogue, [278]
• New mode bulking at warehouse in Crutched Friars, [282] to [286]
• — required further, [287], [288]
• New Zealand, [205]
• Ornamental tin boxes by Harvey Bros. and Tyler, [266] to [271]
• Petition of Indian Tea Districts Association re mode of weighing teas, [279] to [281]
• Planting pots, [223]
• Plantations in Northern India, [203]
• Ploughing, [223] to [231]
• Processes of manufacture, [231] to [271]
• Rollers by Jackson, [233], [235], [237]
• „ Kinmond, [233], [234], [235], [237]
• „ Haworth, [235], [237]
• „ Lyle, [236]
• „ Greig, [236]
• „ Thomson, [237], [238]
• Russia, [203], [211]
• Sifters, by Jackson, [259]
• „ Greig, [259]
• „ Pridham, [259]
• „ Ansell, [260] to [266]
• Sorter for green leaf by Greig & Co., [232]
• Statistics of Indian tea, [194] to [206]
• Tea outside China and India, [183] to [192]
• Ceylon, [183]
• Johore, [184]
• Japan, [185] to [188], [205], [210]
• Java, [188]
• America, [188] to [190], [201], [203], [205], [206], [208]
• Natal, [191]
• Fiji, [192]
• Tea consumption per head, [204], [205]
• Tea Gazette—This is alluded to in most pages, (see [290])
• Thibet, [212]
• Weighing and bulking by Customs, [272] to [288]
• Weighing teas by Customs, The new rules, [290], [291]
• Withering machine, [232], [253], [257]

W. B. WHITTINGHAM AND CO.,
PRINTERS,
91, GRACECHURCH STREET,
LONDON.