A supplementary report on the results of a special inquiry into the practice of interment in towns.

by Edwin Chadwick

VIEW OF THE EXTENT OF INTRA-MURAL BURIAL GROUND PROVIDED, AS COMPARED WITH THE QUANTITY REQUIRED FOR THE METROPOLIS, AT THE STANDARD OF 110 PER ACRE.—Vide Report, § 159, § 160, § 161, § 171.
The plan represents the statistical facts and proportions of space after the mode used by Mr. Sopwith, the engineer. Each square of the subjoined plate represents an acre. The extent of squares coloured shows the extent of ground occupied by each religious denomination. The blank spaces show the extent of deficiency of public ground for the burial of the population in single graves.

BURIAL FEES.—A Return of the Amount of the Burial Fess received by the Clergymen of several of the Parishes of the Metropolis was given in to the Committee of the House of Commons by the Bishop of London. The following Table gives the same Amount of Fees divided by the Returns of the Number of Burials, in the Years 1830, 1831, and 1832, returned from the several Parishes, to an order of the House of Commons made in the Year 1834.
PARISHES.	No. of Burials in 1830.	No. of Burials in 1831.	No. of Burials in 1832.	Average of the three Years.	Amount of Burial Fees in 1838.			Amount of Burial Fees in 1839.			Amount of Burial Fees in 1840.			Average Burial Fees, 1838–9–40.			Average Fee per Burial.
					£.	s.	d.	£.	s.	d.	£.	s.	d.	£.	s.	d.	£.	s.	d.
St. James, Westminster	1,063	1,168	1,087	1,106	329	0	0	298	0	0	246	0	0	291	0	0[[66]]	0	5	3
St. Botolph, Bishopsgate	248	300	319	289	36	1	2	42	7	2	23	9	10	33	19	4	0	2	3
St. George the Martyr	158	218	147	174	70	12	6	59	5	10	59	0	8	62	19	8	0	7	3
St. John, Westminster	815	893	984	897	123	7	0	93	19	8	105	13	7	107	13	5	0	2	5
St. George in the East	705	681	802	729	101	15	0	101	8	6	74	8	6	92	10	8	0	2	6
St. Bride	162	223	175	187	51	6	8	51	2	0	81	2	4[[67]]	61	3	8	0	6	7
St. Giles and St. George, Bloomsbury	1,296	1,669	1,934	1,633	1,038	4	0	768	4	0	870	15	0	892	7	8	0	10	11
St. Dunstan, Westminster	115	113	122	117	39	9	2	24	0	8	35	5	10	32	18	7	0	5	8
St. Clement Danes	395	524	494	471	121	14	9	112	19	10	86	3	4	106	19	4	0	4	6
Bethnal Green	617	951	1,064	877	71	4	0	67	4	0	62	3	6	66	17	2	0	1	6
St. Botolph, Aldersgate	140	169	160	156	60	8	4	58	2	8	45	10	0	54	13	8	0	7	0
St. George, Hanover Sq.	1,224	1,389	1,389	1,334	597	17	0	423	8	2	488	11	2	503	5	5	0	7	7
St. Giles, Cripplegate	231	225	307	254	87	9	6	66	6	10	56	14	10	70	3	9	0	5	6
St. Andrew, Holborn	587	586	847	673	306	0	1	324	14	1	223	15	2	284	16	5	0	8	6
St. Catherine Cree	36	33	40	36	75	3	6	43	16	6	56	13	6	58	11	2	1	12	6
St. Olave, Hart Street	22	19	28	23	60	8	0	37	4	0	32	2	0	43	4	8	1	17	7
Allhallows Barking	50	64	66	60	31	9	6	7	19	0	15	16	6	18	11	8	1	6	2
Total	7,864	9,224	9,965	9,016	3,202	0	2	2,580	2	11	2,563	5	9	2,781	16	3	0	6	2
N.B.—This List specifics only the Clergyman’s Fees, not those paid to the Churchwardens, Clerk, or Sexton.

PAROCHIAL BURIAL-GROUNDS IN THE METROPOLIS.
PLACES OF BURIAL.	Population in 1841.	Estimated Extent in Square Yards.	Annual Number of Burials.	No. of Burials per Acre.
Allhallows Barking, Great Tower Street	1,924	825	50	293
All hallows, Bread Street	263	100	‘Scarcely any’
Allhallows, Lombard Street	516	350	‘Seldom used.’
Allhallows, London Wall	1,620	615	24	189
Allhallows, Staining Lane	502	619	20	156
Allhallows-the-Great, Thames Street	672	346}	50	319
Allhallows-the-Less, ditto	181	412}
Alphage, St. London Wall	976	388	50	624
Andrew’s. St	35,301	4,840	250	250
Andrew’s, St. Burial-ground, Gray’s Inn Lane		9,258	312	163
Andrew’s, St. Undershaft	1,163	265	70	1,278
Andrew’s, St. Wardrobe, and St. Ann, Blackfriars	3,596	657	100	737
Anne, St. and St. Agnes within Aldersgate	513	1,650	70	205
Ann’s, St. Limehouse	19,337	24,500	150	30
Anne’s, St. Soho	16,480	2,732	200	354
Augustine’s, St. and St. Faith’s.	1,070	3,700	30	39
Bartholomew, St. the Great	3,414	783	100	618
Bartholomew, St. the Less	744	183	8	212
Benet, St. Fink	383	277	6	105
Benet, St. Paul’s Wharf	588	297	36	587
Bennet, St. Sherehog	145	145	‘Seldom used.’
Botolph, St. Aldersgate	5,906	1,918	250	631
Botolph, St. Aldgate	9,525	1,545	250	783
Botolph, St. Bishopsgate	10,969	3,034	250	399
Botolph, St. by Billingsgate	278	266	3	55
Bride’s, St. Fleet Street }	6,126	1,472	130	427
Ditto, Ground in Farringdon Street }
[[68]]Bridewell Chapel	529	2,400	10	20
Broadway Chapel of Ease to St. Margaret’s and St. John		7,220	500	335
Catherine, St. Coleman Street	322	388	36	449
Catherine, St. Cree, or Christchurch	1,740	1,100	100	440
Chapel Royal, Tower		525	4	37
Charlton Church		2,150	30	68
Chelsea Hospital Burial-ground	Vide St. Luke.	6,696	55	40
Chelsea Old Church	Vide St. Luke.	1,210	6	24
Christ Church, Blackfriars Road		8,448	520	298
Christ Church, Newgate Street	2,446	1,934	30	75
Christ Church, Spitalfields	20,436	6,413	350	264
Clement, St. Danes	15,459	1,736	100	279
Clement, St. Danes, 2nd Ground, Portugal Street		1,422	300	1,021
Cripplegate Poor-ground, Warwickplace, St. Luke’s		1,400	100	346
Dionis, St. Backchurch	806	132	20	733
Dunstan, St. Fleet Street	3,266	851	208	1,182
Dunstan, St. in the East	1,010	600	150	1,210
Dunstan, St. Stepney	63,723	21,795	200	44
East India Company’s Chapel Yard, High Street Poplar		6,447	60	45
Edmund, St. the King	391	164	‘Seldom used.’
Ethelburga, St.	669	240	30	605
Fulham Church	9,319	12,000	200	81
George’s, St. Bloomsbury	16,981	12,100	300	120
George, St. Botolph Lane	235	76	2	127
George’s, St. District Church, Camberwell	39,868	11,640	100	42
George, St. Hanover Square, Burial-ground, Uxbridge Road	66,453	21,200	1,200	240
George, St. in the East	41,350	15,000	500	161
George, St. the Martyr	Vide St. Andrew’s.	12,100	200	80
George, St. Burial-ground, Old Kent Road	46,644	1,368	130	460
George, St. the Martyr, Southwark		4,050	470	562
Giles, St. Camberwell	39,868	16,000	500	151
Giles, St. Cripplegate	13,255	4,700	200	206
Giles, St. in the Fields	37,311	4,958	400	390
Ditto, Burial-ground, St. Pancras		24,200	1,560	312
Greenwich Church	29,755	2,740	700	1,236
[[69]]Greenwich Hospital Burial-ground		22,480	300	65
Gregory, St. by St. Paul’s	1,444	1,095	100	442
Grosvenor Chapel, South Audley Street		6,000	36	29
[[69]]Guy’s Hospital Ground, Snow’s Fields		3,120	85	132
Hackney, South	Vide St. John	3,300	100	145
Hackney, West	Vide St. John	6,534	200	148
Helen, St. Great	659	779	30	186
Holy Trinity, Brompton	9,515	26,524	100	18
Islington Chapel of Ease		17,659	416	114
James, St. Chapel of Ease, Clerkenwell		3,500	350	484
James, St. Clerkenwell	56,756	2,000	400	968
James, St. Burial-ground, Ray Street, Clerkenwell		800	150	907
James, St. Clerkenwell, 2nd Ground		1,000	300	1,452
James, St. Duke’s Place	964	338	15	215
James, St. Garlickhithe	520	162	20	598
James, St. New Church		8,100	260	155
James, St. Piccadilly		4,840	60	60
Ditto, Burial-ground, Hampstead Road		26,620	624	113
John, St. Baptist, Savoy	414	600	50	403
John’s, St. Chapel of Ease		26,000	1,560	290
John’s. St. Chapel, Walworth		6,400	150	113
John’s, St. Church, Waltham Green		3,600	15	20
John’s, St. Clerkenwell	Vide St. James	315	200	3,073
Ditto, Burial-ground, Benjamin Street		1,079	12	54
John, St. the Evangelist	108	7,260	500	333
John, St. the Evangelist, Horslydown		9,740	250	124
John, St. the Evangelist, Great Waterloo Street		5,924	400	327
John’s, St. Hackney	37,771	31,000	700	108
John, St. the Baptist	367	363	12	160
John, St. High Street, Wapping	4,108	6,600	250	183
John’s, St. Hoxton		6,050	600	480
John, St. Zachary	183	905	6	32
King’s Road, Chelsea		4,840	130	130
Lawrence, St. Jewry	625	200	35	847
Leonard’s, St. Ground, Hackney Road		2,000	225	544
Leonard’s, St. Shoreditch	83,432	8,000	300	181
Luke’s, St. Burial-ground, Bath Street		1,240	200	781
Luke, St. Chelsea, New Church	40,179	19,360	468	117
Luke’s, St. Old Street	49,829	9,287	500	261
Magnus, St.	239	44	6	660
Margaret’s. St		5,000	50	48
Margaret, St. Lothbury	189	291	12	300
Margaret, St. Pattens, with }	553	81	‘Closed’
St. Gabriel, Fenchurch Street }		473	4	41
Mark’s, St. Kennington		8960	500	270
Martin, St. in the Fields, Burial-ground, Camden Town		19,360	832	208
Ditto, Burial-ground, Drury Lane		1,269	40	153
Martin, St. Orgars	353	99	‘Seldom used’
Martin. St. Outwich	135	123	12	472
Martin, St. Vintry	288	450	3	32
Mary, St. Abbotts, Kensington	26,834	6,620	330	241
Mary, St. Abchurch, with St. Lawrence Pountney	907	566	6	51
Mary, St. Aldermanbury	751	313	30	464
Mary’s, St. Burial-ground		2,776	200	349
Mary, St. Aldermary	494	173	8	224
Mary, St. at Hill	987	167	40	1,159
Mary, St. at Bow		2,716	52	93
Mary, St. Chapel, Hammersmith		8,960	20	11
Mary, St. Haggerstone		7,260	100	67
Mary, St. Lambeth	115,888	2,400	250	504
Mary, St. Islington	55,690	7,450	750	487
Mary, St. le-Strand, Burial-ground, Russell Court		473	90	921
Mary, St. le-Strand	2,520	200	12	290
Mary. St. Love Lane		100	‘Seldom used’
Mary Magdalen, St		288	12	202
Mary Magdalen, St. Bermondsey	34,947	9,184	600	316
Mary’s, St. Newington	54,606	8,160	350	208
Mary’s, St. Paddington	25,173	20,116	936	222
Mary’s, St. Rotherhithe, and	13,917	11,800 }	345	139
Trinity District Church		200 }
Mary, St. Somerset	375	389	‘Seldom used’
Mary. St. Staining	268	423
Mary’s, St. Stoke Newington		3,000	50	81
Mary’s, St. Whitechapel	34,053	4,219	150	172
Ditto. Workhouse-ground		2,776	200	349
Mary, St. Woolnoth	317	33	‘Very few’
Mary, St. Woolwich	25,785	12,800	600	227
Mary-le-bone, St.	138,164	13,500	520	186
Mary-le-bone, St. Old Church, High Street	1138,164	12,000	36	87
Mary-le-Bow, St	346	250	30	581
Matthew, St. Bethnal Green	74,088	12,100	600	240
Matthew, St. Friday Street	160	208	21	489
Michael, St. Bassishaw	687	222	30	654
Michael, St. Cornhill	454	240	6	121
Michael, St. Queenhithe	647	266 }	30	342
Ditto, Burial-ground, Trinity Lane		158 }
Mildred, St. Bread Street	351	242	‘Seldom used’
Mildred, St. Poultry	280	84
Nicholas, St. Acon	194	287
Nicholas, St. Cole Abbey	254	67	‘Never used’
Nicholas, St. Olave	431	334	20	290
Pancras, St. Old Church	129,763	24,200	400	80
Paradise Row Burying-ground		8,532	1,040	590
[[70]]Paul’s, St. Cathedral		3,745	‘Seldom used’
Paul’s. St. Covent Garden	5,718	4,064 }	200	129
Ditto. Burial-ground contiguous to workhouse		3,455}
Paul’s, St. Deptford		12,000	360	145
Paul’s, St. Hammersmith	9,888	6,888	200	141
Paul’s, St. Shadwell	10,060	3,000	250	403
[[71]]Penitentiary Burial Ground		432	10	112
Peter, St. Cheap, corner of Wood St	227	96	‘Never used’
Peter, St. Cornhill	656	287	40	674
Peter, St. District Church, Walworth		7,800	300	186
Peter-le-Poor, St.	559	48	‘Seldom used’
Peter’s, St. New Church, Hammersmith	3,565	1,210	50	200
Peter, St. Paul’s Wharf	341	292	‘Seldom used’
Poplar New Church	20,342	14,686	300	99
Olave, St. Hart Street	816	462	36	377
Olave, St. Jewry	168	306	‘Seldom used’
Olave, St. Silver Street	972	335	‘Never used’
Olave’s, St. Tooley Street	6,745	770	200	1,257
Saviour’s, St	18,219	2,700 }
Ditto, Cross Bones Ground, Red Cross Street }		4,500 }	244	143
Ditto. College Park Street		1,040 }
Sepulchre, St		1,746 }
Ditto, in Church Lane	12,325	1,785 }	256	293
Ditto, in Durham Yard		702 }
Stephen, St. Walbrook	322	306	50	791
Swithin’s, St. Cannon Street	389	241	20	402
Ditto, 2nd Ground		66	24	1,760
Temple Church, St. Mary’s		400	‘Very few’
Thomas Apostle, St.	648	340	‘Seldom used’
[[71]]Thomas, St. Hospital Ground, Snow’s Fields		1,449	84	282
Trinity Church, Minories	579	302	7	112
Vedast, St	427	108		179

PROTESTANT DISSENTERS’ BURIAL-GROUNDS AND OTHERS.
PLACES OF BURIAL.	Estimated Extent in Sq. Yards.	Annual Number of Burials.	No. of Burials per Acre.
Episcopalians.
St. Leonard’s, Chapel, Bromley	270	52	932
St. George’s, Chapel, New Road	3,250	125	186
Presbyterians.
Gravel Pit Chapel, Hackney	3,300	100	147
St. Andrew’s, Scotch Church	900	100	538
Congregationalists or Independents.
Independent Chapel, Greenwich	1,000	100	484
Pulling’s Chapel, Deptford	400	50	605
Wickliffe Chapel, Stepney	600	150	1,210
Ebenezer Chapel, Shadwell	680	120	854
Dr. Burder’s, Hackney	3,168	100	153
Meeting House, Old Gravel Lane	60	4	23
Esher Street, Lambeth	1,210	72	288
Brunswick Chapel, Three Colts Street	480	72	524
Collier’s Rents, Borough	970	50	249
Abney Chapel, Stoke Newington	780	36	223
Mile End Chapel	2,420	52	104
Trinity Chapel, Poplar	1,200	36	145
Stockwell Green	725	‘Very few’
Baptists.
Enon Chapel, Woolwich	112	25	1,080
Worship Street Chapel	720	30	202
Regent Street, Lambeth	320	12	181
Cox’s, Dr., Chapel, Hackney	824	26	153
Maze Pond	650	10	74
East Street Chapel	140	2	69
Hammersmith	2,420	30	60
Wesleyan Methodists.
Methodist Chapel, Woolwich	1,226	100	395
City Road Chapel	2,148	150	338
Stafford Street, Peckham	336	16	230
Wesleyan Chapel, Hammersmith	2,430	18	36
Southwark Chapel, Long Lane, Borough	780	‘Very few’
Roman Catholics.
Parker Row, Dockhead	300	100	1,613
Moorfields	120	30	1,210
Poplar	833	140	813
Quakers.
Long Lane, Bermondsey	2,728	60	106
Coleman Street	4,759	35	35
Hammersmith	1,210	1 or 2	6
Jews.
Mile End Road	4,840	52	52
North Street, Mile End Road	24,200	200	40
Chelsea	4,800	22	22
Grove Street	10,890	30	13
Foreign.
Swedish Chapel	450	10	108
Undescribed.
Union Chapel, Woolwich	1,500	100	323
Cannon Street Road	2,400	550	1,109
Paradise Row, Lambeth	8,532	1,040	590
New Bunhill Fields, Islington	4,300	520	585
Ebenezer Chapel, Long Lane	265	20	365
Bunhill Fields	18,150	600	160
Zion Chapel, High Street, Borough	210	2	46
Poplar Chapel	8,000	52	31
Maberly Chapel	270	3	54
Brook Street, Ratcliffe Highway	700	2 or 3	21
Millyard Chapel	960	1	5
Whitfield’s Chapel, St. Pancras	4,650	300	312
York Street Chapel, Lock’s Fields	1,860	‘Very few’
Denmark Row, Cold Harbour Lane	400
Salem Chapel, Woolwich	360	‘Seldom any’
Little Alie Street, Goodman’s Fields	‘Small’	6

GENERAL BURIAL-GROUNDS.
PLACES OF BURIAL.	Estimated Extent in Sq. Yards.	Annual Number of Burials.	No. of Burials per Acre.
[[72]]Bunhill Fields, City	8,000	1,000	605
[[72]]Bunhill Fields, New	3,250	1,560	2,323
[[72]]John’s, St., Borough	1,440	142	477
[[72]]London, North East	24,200	250	50
[[72]]Sheen’s New Ground	9,680	600	300[[72]]
Spa Fields	14,520	1,560	520

CEMETERIES.
PLACES OF BURIAL.	Estimated Extent in Sq. Yards.	Annual Number of Burials.	No. of Burials per Acre.
Highgate Cemetery	101,640	220	10
Nunhead ditto	242,000	208	4
East London ditto, Beaumont Square, Mile End	26,620	850	154
City of London and Tower Hamlets ditto, Mile End	135,520	624	22
West of London and Westminster ditto, Earls Court, Brompton	193,600	254	6
South Metropolitan ditto, Norwood	193,600	180	5
Kensal Green. All Souls’ Cemetery	222,640	800	17
Abney Park Cemetery	145,200	200	7

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[43]. Art. ‘Mortality,’ Ency. Britan., last edit., p. 524.

[44]. The county of Dublin is left out as having a disproportionate amount of suburban population.

[45]. The census, which gives not only the description of the houses, but the different description of buildings or sizes of farms, shows that in both groups of counties they are nearly of the same size, but the farms are rather the largest in the best conditioned group. In both sets, 93 per cent. of the farms are under 30 acres; upwards of 40 per cent. of them from 1 to 5 acres only; 35 per cent. of them from 5 to 15 acres; 13 per cent. from 15 to 30 acres; and about 7 per cent. only above 30 acres; so that the chief differences would apparently be in their houses.