[33] Grizzly bear (Ursus horribilis, Ord).—Hair long, short on the front, very short between and anterior to the eyes, blacker and coarser on the legs and feet, longer on the shoulders, throat, and behind the thighs, and beneath the belly, and paler on the snout; ears short, rounded; front arquated, the line of the profile continued upon the snout, without any indentation between the eyes; eyes very small, destitute of any remarkable supplemental lid; iris burnt sienna or light reddish brown; muffle of the nostrils black, the sinuses very distinct and profound; lips, particularly the superior one, anteriorly extensile, with a few rigid hairs or bristles; tail very short, concealed by the hair. The hair gradually diminishes in length upon the leg, but the upper part of the foot is still amply furnished; teeth, incisores six, the lateral one with a tubercle on the lateral side; canines large, robust, prominent; a single false molar behind the canine, remaining molares four, of which the anterior ones are very small, that of the upper jaw particularly, that of the lower jaw resembling the second false molar of the common dog; anterior feet, claws elongated, slender fingers, with five suboval naked tubercles separated from the palm, from each other, and from the base of the claws by dense hair; palm on the anterior, half naked, transversely oval; base of the palm with a rounded naked tubercle, surrounded by the hair; posterior feet with the sole naked, the nails moderate, more arquated, and shorter than the anterior ones.
The nails do not in the least diminish in width at the tip, but they become smaller towards that part only from diminishing from beneath.
"Testicles suspended in separate pouches, at the distance of from two to four inches from each other." Lewis and Clarke.
They vary exceedingly in colour, and pass through the intermediate gradations from a dark brown to a pale fulvous, and a grayish.
Dimensions (from the prepared Specimen).
| ft. | in. | ||
| Length from the tip of the nose to the origin of the tail | 5 | 2 | |
| Trunk of the tail (exclusive of the hair at tip) | 1¾ | ||
| From anterior base of the ear to the tip of the nose | 12 | ||
| From anterior canthus of the eye to the tip of the nose | 6 | ||
| From orbit of the eye | ¾ | ||
| From between the eyes | 4⅖ | ||
| Ears from their superior base | 3 | ||
| Longest claw of anterior feet | 4⅕ | ||
| Shortest ditto | 2¾ | ||
| Longest claw of the hind feet | 3 | ||
| Shortest ditto | 1¾ | ||
| Hair at tip of tail | 4½ | ||
| Length of the hair top of the head | 1¾ | to 2 | |
| beneath the ears | 2½ | to 3½ | |
| neck above—about | 3 | ||
| shoulders above | 4½ | ||
| throat | 4 | ||
| Belly and behind the anterior legs—longest hairs | 6 | ||
| —James. |
[34] Both the St. Charles (San Carlos) and its branch, the Greenhorn, rise in the Wet Mountains, far to the north of Spanish Peaks. The line between Pueblo and Huerfano counties follows this range for a few miles, as does also the line between the latter county and Custer. Thence the range trends northward through Custer County. Greenhorn Mountain is the southern peak of this chain. The Spanish Peaks are two isolated mountains on the southern line of Huerfano County.—Ed.
[35] The stream to which James dedicates this fanciful etymology is the Huerfano (Orphan) River of the Spanish. "Wharf" is apparently a corrupted contraction. Booneville is opposite the mouth of this stream. The river rises on the slopes of the Sangre de Cristo range, in Huerfano Park, and flows east and northeast through the county of the same name. For the arrest of Chouteau's hunters, see preceding volume, note 134.—Ed.
[36] Tyrannus verticalis, Say.—Head above pure pale plumbeous; vertex with a bright orange spot; back pale plumbeous, very slightly tinged with olivaceous; wings brown; tertials margined exteriorly with white; inner webs of the primaries towards the base whitish, narrowed at their tips, the first feather remarkably so; tail coverts and tail deep brown black; exterior web of the lateral tail feather white; a dusky line before the eye; chin whitish; neck beneath, colour of the head; breast, belly, and inferior tail coverts bright yellow; bill furnished with clusters above, and each side at base; superior mandible perfectly rectilinear above, from the base to near the tip, where it rather suddenly curves much downward. Total length 8 inches; bill from the anterior edge of the nostrils to tip 11/20 of an inch.—James.
[37] There are no fewer than fifteen peaks within the state of Colorado which exceed Pike's Peak in altitude.—Ed.