Creux de Chevroche or Roche Chèvre, Côte d’Or. (Clément Drioton, Mémoires de la Société de Spéléologie, 1897, vol. I., page 209.)—"In the woods of Mavilly, near Bligny-sur-Ouches, is a little cave, called Creux de Chevroche or Roche-Chèvre, where one can find ice until the month of July."
Freezing Well of Marolles, at La Ferté-Milon, Aisne. (Martel, Les Abimes, page 563, note 2.)—This well is 8.15 meters deep; the altitude is 70 meters. During the winter of 1892-93 the water in it froze for a thickness of 15 centimeters. The minimum outside temperature that year was -17°.
Windholes near Pontgibaud, Puy de Dome. (G. Poulett-Scrope, The Geology and Extinct Volcanoes of Central France, 1858, page 60.)—These windholes are in basalt. There are many cracks, whence cold air currents issue, and where ice has been found, sometimes in summer. There are cold storage huts over some of the cracks.
Le Creux-de-Souci, Puy de Dome. (Martel, Les Abimes, 1894, Page 387.)—This is situated 5 kilometers southeast of Besse-en-Chandesse. It is a large lava cavern with the entrance directly in the middle of the roof. The bottom is partly filled by a lake. The depth from the surface of the ground to the lake is 33 meters; from the smallest part of the opening to the lake the depth is 21.50 meters. Down this last portion one can descend only by means of a rope ladder. The temperature is extremely low; in general near freezing point. In June, July, August and November 1892, Monsieur Berthoule, maire of Besse, did not find any snow. On the 10th of August, 1893, on the contrary, he found at the bottom a heap of snow, which he thinks was formed in the cave itself, by the freezing during their descent of the drops of water which are constantly dripping from the roof. He reports landing on une montagne de neige, de neige blanche. On several visits, Mons. Berthoule noticed carbonic acid gas in dangerous quantities. There was none at the time he observed the snow heap, but ten days later he found it impossible to descend into the cave as the carbonic acid gas came up in puffs to the entrance. In the lake, Mons. Berthoule discovered a variety of Rotifer, Notholca longispina, and also several algæ and diatoms. The Asterionella formosa is the most remarkable from its abundance: it exists in some of the lakes of the Alps, but not in those of the Pyrenees.
Aven de Lou Cervi, Vaucluse. (Martel, Les Abimes, page 563.)—This is a cold cave. It belongs to the class which Mons. Martel calls avens à rétrécissement, or abimes à double orifice. In September, 1892, Mons. Martel noted a temperature of 6.5° at 53 meters; of 6.8° at 64 meters. Mean temperature of locality, 8.75°.
Igue de Biau, Lot. (Martel, Les Abimes, page 304.)—Cold cave. Temperature on 13th July, 1891: 5°.
Fosse Mobile, Charente. (Martel, Les Abimes, page 380.)—Cold cave. Temperature on 11th April, 1893: 7°.
Aven de Deidou, Causse Méjean. (Martel, Les Abimes, page 223.)—Cold cave. Temperatures on 14th October, 1892: outside air, 4°; at bottom, 6.5°.
Aven des Oules, Causse Méjean. (Martel, Les Abimes, page 227.)—Cold cave. Temperatures on 21st October, 1892: outside air, 2.5°; at bottom, 4°.