INDEX
| Aberhafesp, Spirit in Church of | [169] |
| Angelystor, announcing deaths | [170] |
| Æschylus’ Cave-dwellers | [113] |
| Annwn, Gwragedd | [3] [134] |
| Annwn, Plant | [3] |
| Antagonism between Pagan faiths | [160] [161] [181] |
| Animal Folk-Lore | [308]-352 |
| Ass | [337] |
| Bee | [337]-340 |
| Birds Singing | [310] |
| Flocking | [310] |
| Blind worm | [352] |
| Cat | [321] [323] [340]-342 |
| Cow | [129]-137 [342] |
| Crow | [304] [314]-315 |
| Crane | [321] |
| Crickets | [342]-3 |
| Cuckoo | [317]-321 |
| Cock | [310] [321] |
| Duck | [321] |
| Eagle | [321] |
| Flying Serpent | [349] |
| Frog | [281] |
| Fox | [193] |
| Goose | [304] [305] [312] |
| Goatsucker | [322] |
| Haddock | [345] |
| Hare | [343]-345 |
| Heron | [321] [323] |
| Hen | [305] [322] |
| Hedgehog | [345] |
| Horse | [346] |
| Jackdaw | [324] |
| Ladybird | [347] |
| Magpie | [324]-327 |
| Mice | [348] |
| Mole | [348] |
| Owl | [304] [327] |
| Peacock | [327] |
| Pigeon | [327] |
| Pigs | [348] |
| Raven | [304] [328] |
| Rook, Crow | [304] [314] [316] [316] |
| Robin Redbreast | [329] [332] |
| Seagull | [329] [330] |
| Sawyer, Tit | [331] |
| Snakes | [348]-350 |
| Slowworm | [352] |
| Sheep | [351] |
| Swallow | [330] [331] |
| Swan | [331] |
| Swift | [331] |
| Spider | [351] |
| Squirrel | [351] |
| Tit-Major | [331] |
| Woodpigeon | [333]-336 |
| Woodpecker | [336] |
| Wren | [331]-333 |
| Yellowhammer | [337] |
| All Hallow Eve, Nos Glan Gaua | [95] |
| Spirits abroad | [138]-9 [168]-70 |
| Divination on | [280]-1 [286] [288]-9 |
| Apparitions | [181]-209 [293]-297 |
| Applepip divination | [290] |
| Arawn | [128] |
| Avanc | [133] |
| “Bardd Cwsg, Y” | [144] [284] [285] |
| Baring-Gould—Spirit leaving body | [293] |
| Piper of Hamelin | [307] |
| Beaumaris spirit tale | [293] |
| Bell, Hand, used at funerals | [171]-2 |
| Corpse | [172] |
| Passing | [171]-2 |
| Veneration for | [172] |
| Devil afraid of | [171] |
| Ringing at storms | [173] |
| Spirits flee before sound of | [173] |
| Bella Fawr, a witch | [223] |
| Betty’r Bont, a witch | [236] [240] |
| Belief in witchcraft | [217] |
| Bennion, Doctor | [216] |
| Bees, Buying a hive of | [337] |
| Swarming | [338] |
| Strange swarm | [339] |
| Deserting hive | [339] |
| Hive in roof of house | [339] |
| Informing bees of a death | [339] |
| Putting bees into mourning | [340] |
| Stolen | [340] |
| Bendith y Mamau | [2] |
| Bible, a talisman | [151] [245] [248] |
| Bible and key divination | [288] |
| Bingley’s North Wales—Knockers | [121] |
| Birds singing in the night | [305] |
| before February | [310] |
| Flocking in early Autumn | [310] |
| Feathers of | [310] |
| Blindworm | [352] |
| Boy taken to Fairyland | [48] |
| Brenhin Llwyd | [142] |
| Bryn Eglwys Man and Fairies | [36] |
| “British Goblins,” Fairy dances | [94] [97] |
| “Brython, Y,” Fairies’ revels | [95] |
| Burne’s, Miss, Legend of White Cow | [131]-2 |
| Burns, Old Nick in Kirk | [168] |
| Nut divination | [289] |
| Canwyll Corph, see Corpse Candle, | |
| Canoe in Llyn Llydaw | [28] |
| Card-playing | [147]-151 |
| Cat, Fable of | [323] |
| Black, unlucky, &c | [321] [341] |
| indicates weather | [340] |
| Black, drives fevers away | [341] |
| May, brings snakes to house | [341] |
| Witches taking form of | [224] |
| Cæsar’s reference to Celtic Superstitions | [277] [310] [343] |
| Careg-yr-Yspryd | [212] |
| Careg Gwr Drwg | [190] |
| Caellwyngrydd Spirit | [214] |
| Cave-dwellers | [112]-13 |
| Ceffyl y Dwfr, the Water Horse | [138]-141 |
| Cetyn y Tylwyth Têg | [109] |
| Ceridwen | [234] |
| Cerrig-y-drudion Spirit Tale | [294] |
| Cerrig-y-drudion, Legend of Church | [132] |
| Ceubren yr Ellyll, Legend of | [191] |
| Changelings, Fairy | [51]-63 |
| Churches built on Pagan sites | [160] |
| Mysterious removal of | [174]-181 |
| Chaucer on Fairies | [89] |
| Charms | [238-9] [258] [262] [276] |
| Charm for Shingles | [262]-3 |
| Toothache | [264]-266 |
| Whooping Cough | [266] |
| Fits | [266] |
| Fighting Cocks | [267] [312] |
| Asthma | [267] |
| Warts | [267]-8 |
| Stye | [268] |
| Quinsy | [268] |
| Wild wart | [268] |
| Rheumatism | [269] |
| Ringworm | [269] |
| Cattle | [269]-272 |
| Stopping bleeding | [272] |
| Charm with Snake’s skin | [273] |
| Rosemary | [273]-4 |
| Charm for making Servants reliable | [272] |
| Sweethearts | [281] |
| Charm of Conjurors | [239]-254 |
| Charm for Clefyd y Galon, or Heart Disease | [274] |
| Clefyd yr Ede Wlan, or Yarn Sickness | [275] |
| Christmas Eve, free from Spirits | [192] |
| Churns witched | [238] |
| Clefyd y Galon | [274] |
| Clefyd yr Ede Wlan | [275] |
| Crickets in House lucky | [342] |
| Deserting house unlucky | [343] |
| Crane, see Heron | |
| Coblynau, Knockers | [112]-121 |
| Coel Ede Wlan, or Yarn Test | [283] |
| Corpse Candle | [298]-300 |
| Cock, unlawful to eat | [343] |
| Devil in form of | [310] |
| Offering of | [311] |
| Crowing of, at doors | [311] |
| Crowing at night | [298] |
| Crowing drives Spirits away | [311] |
| Charm for Fighting | [312] |
| White, unlucky | [321] [341] |
| Crow | [304] [314] [315] |
| Conjurors | [251]-262 |
| Charms of | [239] [254] [258]-260 |
| Tricks of | [255] [257] [260]-1 |
| Cow, Dun | [129] [131] [137] |
| Legend of White | [131] |
| Freckled | [130]-1 |
| Fairy Stray | [134]-137 |
| Witched | [243] |
| Cyhyraeth, Death Sound | [302] |
| Cynon’s Ghost | [212] |
| Cuckoo Superstitions | [317]-321 |
| Cwn Annwn | [125]-129 |
| Dancing with Fairies | [36]-39 |
| Davydd ab Gwilym and the Fairies | [3] [24] |
| Death Portents | [297]-307 |
| Deryn Corph, Corpse Bird | [297] |
| Devil | [143]-192 |
| Devil’s Tree | [185] |
| Bridge | [190] |
| Kitchen | [190] |
| Cave | [191] |
| Door | [170] |
| Destruction of Foxes | [193] |
| Dick Spot | [212] [255] [256] |
| Dick the Fiddler | [84] |
| Divination | [279]-290 |
| Candle and Pin | [287] |
| Coel Ede Wlan, or Yarn Test | [283] |
| Frog stuck with Pins | [281] |
| Grass | [288] |
| Hemp Seed | [286] |
| Holly Tree | [288] |
| Key and Bible | [288] |
| Lovers’ | [289]-90 |
| Nut | [289] |
| Pullet’s Egg | [286] |
| Snail | [280] |
| St. John’s Wort | [280] |
| Troi Crysau, Clothes Drying | [285] |
| Twca, or Knife | [284] |
| Washing at Brook | [285] |
| Water in Basin | [287] |
| Dogs, Hell | [125] [127] |
| Sky | [125] [127] |
| Fairy | [49] [81] [83] [125] |
| Dwarfs of Cae Caled | [97] |
| Droich | [113]-121 |
| Dyn Hysbys | [209] [259] |
| Drychiolaeth, Spectre | [301] [302] |
| Eagle, Superstitions about | [263]-4 [321] |
| Erdion Banawg | [131] |
| Ellyll | [3] [4] [111] [191] |
| Dân | [112] |
| Ellyllon, Menyg | [111] |
| Bwyd | [111] |
| Elf Dancers of Cae Caled | [98]-100 |
| Stones | [110] |
| Shots | [110]-11 |
| Elidorus, the Fairies and | [32]-35 |
| Epiphany | [285]-6 |
| Evil Eye | [219] |
| Fable of Heron, Cat, and Bramble | [323] |
| Magpie and Woodpigeon | [335] |
| Robin Redbreast | [329] |
| Sea Gull | [329] |
| Famous Witches— | |
| Betty’r Bont | [236] [240] |
| Bella Fawr | [223] |
| Moll White | [229] [232] |
| Pedws Ffoulk | [242] |
| Fabulous Animals, see Mythic Beings | |
| Fairies, Origin of | [1] [2] [35] [36] |
| Chaucer’s reference to | [89] |
| Shakespeare’s reference to | [72] [96] [97] |
| Milton’s reference to | [86] |
| Fairies inveigling Men | [36]-44 |
| Working for Men | [85]-87 |
| Carrying Men in the air | [100]-102 |
| in Markets and Fairs | [108] |
| Binding Men | [112] |
| Children offered to Satan by | [63] |
| Love of Truth | [35] |
| Grateful | [72] |
| Fairy Animals | [81]-3 [124]-5 [129]-132 |
| Dances | [87]-97 |
| Tricks | [100]-103 |
| Knockers | [112]-124 |
| Ladies marrying Men | [5]-24 |
| Changelings | [51]-63 |
| Implements | [109]-112 |
| Men captured | [104]-107 |
| Mothers and Human Midwives | [63]-67 |
| Money | [82]-84 |
| Riches and Gifts | [72]-81 |
| Visits to human abodes | [68]-71 |
| Families descended from | [6] [28] |
| Fetch | [294] |
| Fire God | [152] |
| Fish, Satan in | [153] |
| Flying Serpent | [349] |
| Foxglove | [111] |
| Frog Divination | [281] |
| Fuwch Frech | [129]-132 |
| Gyfeiliorn | [129] [134]-137 |
| Ffynnon y Fuwch Frech | [130] |
| Elian | [216] |
| Oer | [223] |
| Gay, Nut divination | [289] |
| Giraldus Cambrensis | [27] [32] [182] |
| reference to Witches | [233]-236 |
| Ghost, see Spirit | |
| Ghost in Cerrigydrudion Church | [132] |
| Aberhafesp Church | [169] |
| Powis Castle | [204] |
| revealing Treasures | [202] |
| at Gloddaeth | [193]-4 |
| Nannau Park | [191] |
| Tymawr | [195] |
| Frith Farm | [196] |
| Pontyglyn | [197] |
| Ystrad Fawr | [197]-8 |
| Ty Felin | [198] |
| Llandegla | [199] |
| Llanidloes | [199]-200 |
| Llawryglyn | [348] |
| Clwchdyrnog | [202] |
| Llanwddyn | [212] |
| David Salisbury’s | [201] |
| Cynon’s | [212] |
| Squire Griffiths’ | [200] |
| Sir John Wynne’s | [211] |
| Raising | [215] |
| Visiting the Earth | [192] |
| Glain Nadroedd | [350] |
| Goat-sucker | [322] |
| Goblins, different kinds of | [5] [97] |
| Golden Chair | [77] |
| Goose flying over House | [304] |
| laying small egg | [305] |
| egg laying | [312] |
| Gossamer | [112] |
| Gwiber, Flying Serpent | [349] |
| Gwion Bach | [234] |
| Gwragedd Annwn | [3] |
| Gwrach y Rhibyn | [142] |
| Gwr Cyfarwydd | [38] [55] [257] [259] |
| Gwyddelod | [80] |
| Gwyll | [4] |
| Gwylliaid Cochion | [4] [5] [6] [25] [26] |
| Haddock, why so marked | [345] |
| Hag, Mist | [142] |
| Hare | [227]-230 [236] [343]-345 |
| crossing the road | [230] |
| Cæsar’s reference to | [343] |
| Giraldus Cambrensis on hags changing themselves to hares | [233] |
| Man changed to a | [236] |
| Witch hunted in form of | [230]-233 |
| Witch shot in the form of | [228] |
| S. Monacella, the patroness of hares | [345] |
| Harper and Fairies | [91] |
| Hedgehog sucking Cows | [345] |
| fee for destroying the | [346] |
| Hên Chrwchwd, a humpbacked fiend | [142] |
| Hen laying two eggs | [305] |
| March Chickens | [322] |
| Sitting | [322] |
| Hindu Fairy Tale | [6]-8 |
| Heron, sign of weather changing | [321] [323] |
| Fable of | [323]-4 |
| Horse, Water, a mythic animal | [138] |
| White, lucky | [346] |
| Headless | [155] |
| Shoe Charm | [246] |
| Huw Llwyd, Cynfael, and Witches | [224]-227 |
| Huw Llwyd and Magical Books | [252] |
| Hu Gadarn and the Avanc | [133] |
| Ignis Fatuus | [112] |
| Jackdaw considered sacred | [324] |
| Jack Ffynnon Elian | [216] |
| Knockers, or Coblynau | [4] [97] |
| in Mines | [112]-121 |
| Ladybird, Weather Sign | [347] |
| Lady Jeffrey’s Spirit | [199] |
| Lake Dwellers | [27] [28] |
| Llanbrynmair Conjuror | [258]-9 |
| Llangerniew Spirit | [170] |
| Llandegla Spirit | [199] |
| Llanddona Witches | [222]-3 |
| Laying Spirits | [209]-215 |
| Laws against Witches | [218] |
| Llyn y Ddau Ychain Banawg | [132] |
| Legends— | |
| Careg Gwr Drwg | [190] |
| Ceubren yr Ellyll | [191] |
| Fairy Changelings | [51]-63 |
| Dafydd Hiraddug | [158]-160 |
| Devil’s Bridge | [190] |
| Freckled Cow, or Y Fuwch Frech | [130] |
| Fairy Marriages | [5]-24 |
| Fairies inveigling Mortals | [32]-50 |
| Fairies and Midwives | [63]-67 |
| Flying Snake | [349] |
| Removal of Churches | [174]-181 |
| Llanfihangel Glyn Myfyr | [10] |
| Ghosts, see Ghost | |
| Spirits, see Spirit | |
| Satan or Devil, see Satan | |
| Lledrith, or Spectre | [303] |
| Llysiau Ifan, St. John’s Wort | [280] |
| Llyn y Geulan Goch Spirit | [162]-166 |
| Llyn Llion | [133] |
| Magpie teaching Wood Pigeon to make Nest | [335] |
| Superstitions | [324]-327 |
| Magician’s Glass | [255] |
| Marriages, Fairy | [44]-48 |
| Man dancing with Fairies | [90] [91] |
| witnessing a Fairy dance | [90] [93] |
| taken away by Fairies | [32] [36] [37] [101]-102 |
| turned into a Hare | [236] |
| turned into a Horse | [236] |
| May-day Revels | [95] |
| Evil Spirits abroad | [168] |
| Mermaids | [142] |
| Monacella, S. | [345] |
| Moles, Weather Sign | [318] |
| Moll White, a Witch | [229] [232] |
| Meddygon Myddvai, Physicians | [6] [23] [24] |
| Mythic Beings— | |
| Avanc | [133] |
| Ceffyl y Dwfr, Water Horse | [138] |
| Cwn Annwn, Dogs of the Abyss | [125] |
| Cwn Bendith y Mamau, Fairy Dogs | [125] |
| Cwn Wybir, Sky Dogs | [125] [127] |
| Dragon, or Flying Serpent | [349]-50 |
| Fairies, see Fairy | |
| Fuwch Frech, Fairy Cow | [129]-134 |
| Fuwch Gyfeiliorn | [134]-137 |
| Gwrach y Rhibyn, Mist Hag | [142] |
| Knockers, see above | |
| Mermaids and Mermen | [142] |
| Torrent Spectre | [141] |
| Ychain Banawg | [130]-133 |
| Y Brenhin Llwyd, the Grey King | [142] |
| Mysterious removal of Churches— | |
| Llanllechid | [174] |
| Corwen | [174] |
| Capel Garmon | [175] |
| Llanfair D. C. | [175] |
| Llanfihangel Geneu’r Glyn | [176] |
| Wrexham | [177] |
| Llangar | [179] |
| Denbigh | [180] |
| Names given to the Devil | [191]-2 |
| Nightmare | [237] |
| North door of Churches opened at Baptisms | [171] |
| North door of Churches opened for Satan to go out | [170] |
| North side of Churchyard unoccupied | [171] |
| Nos Glan Gaua | [95] [138]-9 [168]-170 [280] [281] [286] [288]-89 |
| Ogof Cythreuliaid Devils’ Cave | [191] |
| Ogwen Lake, Tale of Wraith | [292] |
| Old Humpbacked, Mythic Being | [142] |
| Omen, see Divination | [279]-290 |
| Owl | [304] [327] |
| Pan, prototype of Celtic Satan | [146] |
| Passing Bell | [171]-2 |
| Peacock, Weather Sign | [327] |
| Pedwe Ffoulk, a Witch | [242] |
| Pellings, Fairy Origin | [6] [13] |
| Pentrevoelas Legend | [8] |
| Physicians of Myddfai | [6] [23] [24] |
| Pig Superstitions | [154] [348] |
| Pigeon Superstitions | [327] |
| Pins stuck in “Witch’s Butter” | [249] |
| Places associated with Satan | [190]-1 |
| Plant Annwn | [3] [4] |
| Poocah, Pwka, Pwca | [121]-124 [138]-40 |
| Raven | [304] [328] |
| Rhamanta, see Divination, | [279]-290 |
| on Hallow Eve | [281] |
| Rhaffau’r Tylwyth Têg, Gossamer | [112] |
| Rhys Gryg | [24] |
| Robin Redbreast | [329] [332]-3 |
| Rook, see Crow | |
| Rooks deserting Rookery | [316] |
| building new Rookery | [316] |
| Sabbath-breaking punished | [152]-157 |
| Satan, see Apparitions and Devil | |
| afraid of Bell-sounds | [171] |
| appearing to Man carrying Bibles | [183] |
| appearing to a Minister | [184] |
| appearing to a Man | [185] |
| appearing to a Sunday-breaker | [152]-3 |
| appearing to a Sunday traveller | [153] |
| appearing as a lovely Maid | [186] |
| appearing to a young Man | [188] |
| appearing to a Collier | [189] |
| appearing to a Tippler | [156]-7 |
| carrying a Man away | [187] |
| in form of a Pig | [166] |
| in form of a Fish | [153] |
| disappearing as a ball or wheel of fire | [148] [150] |
| and Churches | [160]-170 |
| outwitted | [157]-160 |
| playing Cards | [147] [148] [149] |
| snatching a Man up into the air | [150] |
| Sawyer Bird, Tit-Major | [331] |
| Seagull, a Weather Sign | [329]-30 |
| Seventh Daughter | [250] |
| Son | [266] |
| Shakespeare’s Witches | [219] [220] [221] |
| Sheep, Black | [351] |
| Satan cannot enter | [351] |
| Sir John Wynne | [211] |
| Slowworm | [352] |
| Snakes | [348] |
| Flying | [349] |
| Snake Rings | [350] |
| Spells, how to break | [244]-251 |
| Spectral Funeral | [301]-2 |
| Spirit, see Ghost | |
| Spirit laying | [209]-211 |
| Spirits laid for a time | [164] [199] [200] [210] [212] |
| allowed to visit the earth | [168] |
| sent to the Red Sea | [193] [209] [210] [214] |
| sent to Egypt | [211] |
| riding Horses | [202] |
| Spirit ejected from Cerrig-y-drudion Church | [132] |
| Llanfor Church | [152]-166 |
| Llandysilio Church | [166]-7 |
| Spirit in Llangerniew Church | [170] |
| Aberhafesp Church | [169] |
| Llandegla | [199] |
| Lady Jeffrey’s | [199]-200 |
| calling Doctor | [294] |
| St. John’s Eve | [52] [95] [168] [280] |
| St. David | [299] [307] |
| Spiritualism | [290]-297 |
| Spirit leaving body | [291]-293 |
| Spider | [351] |
| Squirrel hunting | [351]-2 |
| Swallow forsaking its nest | [330] |
| Breaking nest of | [331] |
| Swan, hatching eggs of | [331] |
| Swift, flying, Weather Sign | [331] |
| Swyno’r ’Ryri | [254] [262] [263]-4 |
| Taboo Stories | [6] [8]-24 |
| Tegid | [306] |
| Tit-Major, Weather Sign | [331] |
| Tolaeth | [303] |
| Tobit, Spirit tale | [182] [210] |
| Torrent Spectre | [141] |
| Transformation | [227] [234]-237 |
| Transmigration | [276]-279 |
| Tylwyth Têg, see Fairies | |
| Van Lake Fairy tale | [16]-24 |
| Voice calling a Doctor | [294] |
| Water Horse | [138]-141 |
| Water Worship | [161] |
| Welsh Airs | [84] [88] |
| Aden Ddu’r Fran | [84] |
| Toriad y Dydd | [88] |
| Williams, Dr. Edward, and Fairies | [97] |
| Witches | [216]-251 |
| Llanddona | [222]-3 |
| transforming themselves into cats | [224]-226 |
| transforming themselves into hares | [227]-235 |
| hunted in form of hare | [230]-233 |
| killed in form of hare | [228] |
| in churn in form of hare | [229] |
| cursing Horse | [242] |
| cursing Milk | [238]-9 |
| cursing Pig | [238] |
| how tested | [250]-1 |
| Spells, how broken | [244]-250 |
| Punishment of | [243] |
| Laws against | [218] |
| Wife snatching | [29] |
| Woodpecker, Weather Sign | [336] |
| Woodpigeon | [333]-336 |
| Wraith | [292] [294] [308] |
| Wren, unlucky to harm | [331]-2 |
| Hunting the | [332] |
| Curse on breaker of nest | [333] |
| Wyn Melangell | [345] |
| Ystrad Legend | [12] |
| Yarn Sickness | [275]-6 |
| Test | [283]-4 |
| Yspryd Cynon | [212] |
| Ystrad Fawr | [197]-8 |
THE FAIRIES.
ORIGIN OF THE FAIRIES. (Y TYLWYTH TÊG.)
The Fairy tales that abound in the Principality have much in common with like legends in other countries. This points to a common origin of all such tales. There is a real and unreal, a mythical and a material aspect to Fairy Folk-Lore. The prevalence, the obscurity, and the different versions of the same Fairy tale show that their origin dates from remote antiquity. The supernatural and the natural are strangely blended together in these legends, and this also points to their great age, and intimates that these wild and imaginative Fairy narratives had some historical foundation. If carefully sifted, these legends will yield a fruitful harvest of ancient thoughts and facts connected with the history of a people, which, as a race, is, perhaps, now extinct, but which has, to a certain extent, been merged into a stronger and more robust race, by whom they were conquered, and dispossessed of much of their land. The conquerors of the Fair Tribe have transmitted to us tales of their timid, unwarlike, but truthful predecessors of the soil, and these tales shew that for a time both races were co-inhabitants of the land, and to a certain extent, by stealth, intermarried.
Fairy tales, much alike in character, are to be heard in many countries, peopled by branches of the Aryan race, and consequently these stories in outline, were most probably in existence before the separation of the families belonging
to that race. It is not improbable that the emigrants would carry with them, into all countries whithersoever they went, their ancestral legends, and they would find no difficulty in supplying these interesting stories with a home in their new country. If this supposition be correct, we must look for the origin of Fairy Mythology in the cradle of the Aryan people, and not in any part of the world inhabited by descendants of that great race.
But it is not improbable that incidents in the process of colonization would repeat themselves, or under special circumstances vary, and thus we should have similar and different versions of the same historical event in all countries once inhabited by a diminutive race, which was overcome by a more powerful people.
In Wales Fairy legends have such peculiarities that they seem to be historical fragments of by-gone days. And apparently they refer to a race which immediately preceded the Celt in the occupation of the country, and with which the Celt to a limited degree amalgamated.