[40] The following are the principal towns of Bulgaria, with the number of their inhabitants:—
| Shumna (Shumla) | 50,000 |
| Rustchuk | 50,000 |
| Philippopoli (Felibe) | 40,000 |
| Bitolia (Monastir) | 40,000 |
| Skoplie (Uskub) | 28,000 |
| Kalkandelen | 22,000 |
| Sofia | 20,000 |
| Vidin | 20,000 |
| Silistria | 20,000 |
| Shishtova | 20,000 |
| Varna | 20,000 |
| Eski-Za’ara | 18,000 |
| Bazarjik | 18,000 |
| Nish | 16,000 |
| Veleze (Koprili) | 15,000 |
| Razgrad | 15,000 |
| Turnov (Tirnova) | 12,000 |
| Sliven (Slivno) | 12,000 |
| Prilip | 12,000 |
| Kezanlik | 10,000 |
| Stanimako | 10,000 |
| Florina | 10,000 |
| Kurshova | 9,000 |
| Sulina | 5,000 |
[41] Receipts for 1874, £20,400,000; debts in 1875, £220,000,000.
[42] Races and religions of Turkey in Europe (Servia, Montenegro, and Rumania excluded):—
| Total. | Mussulmans. | Greek Catholics. | Roman Catholics. | Other Christians. | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Slavs | ||||||
| Servians | 1,114,000 | 442,000 | 492,000 | 180,000 | — | |
| Bulgarians | 2,861,000 | 790,000 | 2,051,000 | 20,000 | — | |
| Russians, &c. | 10,000 | — | — | 2,000 | 8,000 | |
| Greeks | 1,176,000 | 38,000 | 1,138,000 | — | — | |
| Greco-Latins | ||||||
| Rumanians | 50,000 | — | 50,000 | — | — | |
| Zinzares | 150,000 | — | 150,000 | — | — | |
| Albanians | ||||||
| Gheges | 1,031,000 | 773,000 | 178,000 | 80,000 | — | |
| Tosks | ||||||
| Turks | ||||||
| Osmanli | 1,352,000 | 1,352,000 | — | — | — | |
| Tartars | 40,000 | 40,000 | — | — | — | |
| Semites | ||||||
| Arabs | 3,000 | 3,000 | — | — | — | |
| Jews | 72,000 | — | — | — | — | |
| Armenians | 100,000 | — | — | 10,000 | — | |
| Circassians | 144,000 | 144,000 | — | — | — | |
| Tsiganes (Gipsies) | 104,000 | 52,000 | 52,000 | — | — | |
| Franks | 60,000 | — | — | 50,000 | 10,000 | |
| Total | 8,267,000 | 3,584,000 | 4,111,000 | 342,000 | 108,000 | |
[43] Area and population of the Turkish Empire:—
| Area, Square Miles. | Population. | Mohammedans per cent. | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Constantinople (including Army, &c.) | 1,040 | 531,000 | 55 | |
| Vilayets:— | ||||
| Edirneh, or Adrianople (Thracia) | 26,160 | 1,307,000 | 39 | |
| Tuna (Danube), or Bulgaria | 34,120 | 2,303,000 | 40 | |
| Saloniki (Macedonia) | 12,950 | 499,000 | 50 | |
| Prisrend (Upper Macedonia) | 18,320 | 1,392,000 | 57 | |
| Shkodra, or Scutari (Upper Albania) | 5,310 | 171,000 | 48 | |
| Bosna Serai, or Serayevo (Bosnia) | 17,900 | 940,000 | 42 | |
| Herzegovina | 5,720 | 144,000 | 41 | |
| Yanina (Epirus and Thessaly) | 18,320 | 711,000 | 35 | |
| Crete, or Candia | 3,326 | 210,000 | 18 | |
| European Islands | 400 | 60,000 | 7 | |
| Turkey in Europe | 143,566 | 8,267,000 | 44 | |
| Turkey in Asia | 745,000 | 13,176,000 | 86 | |
| Tripoli, &c. | 344,000 | 1,150,000 | 99 | |
| Total Ottoman Empire | 1,231,566 | 22,593,000 | 71 | |
| Tributary States. | ||||
| Rumania | 46,710 | 5,180,000 | — | |
| Servia | 16,820 | 1,377,000 | — | |
| Egypt | 869,360 | 17,000,000 | 70 | |
| Tunis | 45,700 | 2,000,000 | 99 | |
| Total Turkish Empire | 2,210,156 | 48,150,000 | 63 | |
[44] Officially called Romania, and frequently spelt Roumania: in French it is Roumanie.
| Wallachia and Moldavia | 4,460,000 |
| Austro-Hungary | 2,896,000 |
| Bessarabia and other parts of Russia | 600,000 |
| Servia | 155,000 |
| Turkey | 200,000 |
| Greece | 4,000 |
| Total | 8,315,000 |