[CHAPTER II. THE TREATY OF WASHINGTON.]
A Shining Instance of Peaceful International Methods.—Earlier Negotiations.—“ALABAMA CLAIMS” Insisted on.—A Joint Commission.—Its Personnel.—A Treaty Drafted and Ratified.—Its Provisions.—Northwest Boundary Question.—Minor Claims.—The Alabama Claims.—Geneva Tribunal.—Personnel.—No Pay for Indirect Losses.—Importance of the Case.—The Three Rules of the Washington Treaty.—Position of Great Britain Relative to These.—Their Meaning.—An Advance in International Law.—The Other Cruisers.—The Award.—Charles Francis Adams.—The Money Paid.—Its History.
[CHAPTER III. THE FISHERIES DISPUTE.]
Fishery Clause of the Treaty of 1783.—Value of the Rights it Conveyed.—Effect of War of 1812.—Convention of 1818.—Its Fateful Provisions.—Troubles in Consequence.—The Reciprocity of 1854.—Repeal in 1865.—New Troubles.—Reciprocity by Treaty of Washington, from 1871.—Repealed in 1885.—Why—Friction in 1886.—Strict Enforcement by Canada of Convention of 1818.—Severities.—Their Animus.—Pleas of the United States Government.—Threat of Retaliation.—Commission to Draft New Treaty.—Indecisive Result.—Northwestern Fisheries Question Settled.
[CHAPTER IV. THE SOUTH.]
The Results of Congressional Reconstruction.—Restoration of White Rule.—Ku-Klux-Klan.—Improvement.—Loyalty at the South.—Prosperity.—Cotton.—Manufacturing.—Iron.— Marble.—Southern Cities.—Country Parts.—State of Florida.
[CHAPTER V. THE WEST.]
New States and Territories.—Alaska.—Its Resources.—Both Sides of the Rockies Filling Up.—Pacific Railways.—Colorado.—California.—Great American Desert.—Tabular View of the West’s Growth.—Western Cities.—Minnesota.—St. Paul, Minneapolis, Duluth.—Duluth and Chicago.—Statistics of Immigration.
[CHAPTER VI. THE EXPOSITION OF 1876.]
Origin of the Plan.—Organization.—Financial Basis.—Conclusion to Make it a World Affair.—To be at Philadelphia.—Building.—Opening Exercises.—The Main Building.—Arrangement and Contents.—The American Exhibit.—Machinery Hall.—The Corliss Engine.—Agricultural Hall.—Memorial Hall.—The Art Exhibit.—Horticultural Hall.—Minor Arrangements and Structures.—The Fourth of July Celebration.—Original Copy of the Declaration of Independence Read.—Interest in the Philadelphia Exposition.
[CHAPTER VII. ECONOMIC POLITICS]
Reduction of National Debt.—Refunding.—Surplus.—Tariff.—Its History since the War.—Policy of the Political Parties.—Tariffs of 1890 and 1894.—Trusts.—The Dollar of the Fathers.—Resumption of Specie Payments.—The Promissory Greenback.—Fiat Greenback Theory.—And Party.—Great Strike of 1877.—Labor Movement and Labor Question.—Corporations.—Their Evil Influence.—Counter-organizations.—Growth of our Urban Population.
[CHAPTER VIII. THE MARCH OF INDUSTRY.]
Progress in Cotton Manufacturing.—In Woollen, Iron, and Other.—In Travel.—New Submarine Cables.—First Pacific Railway.—Others.—Consolidation of Railways.—Electric Lighting.—Brooklyn Bridge.—Elevated Railways and New Modes of Surface Traction.—Telephone.—Black Friday.—Chicago Fire.—Boston Fire.—Hard Times of 1873.—Material Betterment for Last Two Decades.
[CHAPTER IX. END OF THE PERIOD.]
Contrast of New Things with Old.—Postal Arrangements.—Art.—Extension of Suffrage.—Woman’s Rights.—Higher Education for Women.—Socialism and State Socialism.—Widened Scope of Governmental Action.—Restriction of Immigration.—Catholics.—Their Attitude to Public Schools.—Peril to Family.—Mormonism.—Divorce.—Danger from a Secular Spirit.—New Sense of Nationality.—Benign Results.—Greely Expedition to Polar Regions.—Lesson of our National Success to Other Nations.—Our Nation’s Duty in World Affairs.
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
| THE WORLD’S FAIR AT CHICAGO. CENTRAL PORTION OF MACMONNIES FOUNTAIN—EFFECT OF ELECTRIC LIGHT. |
| GENERAL JOHN POPE. |
| GENERAL WILLIAM T. SHERMAN. |
| THE BATTLE OF THE RAMS AT MEMPHIS, JUNE 6, 1862. |
| FARRAGUT IN THE MAIN-RIGGING. (From the original by William Page). |
| GENERAL HENRY W. HALLECK. |
| GENERAL WILLIAM S. ROSECRANS. |
| GENERAL GEORGE H. THOMAS. |
| GENERAL JOSEPH HOOKER. |
| THE BATTLE OF LOOKOUT MOUNTAIN. (The “Battle above the Clouds”). |
| GENERAL JAMES B. McPHERSON. |
| GENERAL DAVID D. PORTER. |
| GENERAL ROBERT E. LEE. |
| GENERAL NATHANIEL P. BANKS. |
| GENERAL J. E. B. STUART’S RAID UPON POPE’S HEADQUARTERS. |
| AUGUST 22, 1862, WHEN POPE’S DESPATCH-BOOK FELL INTO THE HANDS OF THE CONFEDERATES. |
| GENERAL THOMAS J. (“STONEWALL”) JACKSON. |
| GENERAL EDWIN V. SUMNER. |
| GENERAL WINFIELD S. HANCOCK. |
| GENERAL AMBROSE E. BURNSIDE. |
| THE STONE WALL AT FREDERICKSBURG. |
| GENERAL OLIVER O. HOWARD. |
| GENERAL JOHN SEDGWICK. |
| GENERAL JAMES LONGSTREET. |
| GENERAL GEORGE G. MEADE. |
| DEATH OF GENERAL SEDGWICK AT SPOTTSYLVANIA, MAY 9, 1864. |
| GENERAL DAVID HUNTER. |
| GENERAL LEE SIGNING THE TERMS OF SURRENDER AT APPOMATTOX COURT-HOUSE. |
| GIDEON WELLES. |
| THE SINKING OF THE FRIGATE CUMBERLAND BY THE MERRIMAC IN HAMPTON ROADS, MARCH 8, 1862. |
| JOHN ERICSSON. |
| SECTIONAL VIEW OF MONITOR THROUGH TURRET AND PILOT-HOUSE. |
| THE ORIGINAL MONITOR. |
| THE SINKING OF THE ALABAMA. |
| THE LANDING OF THE ALLIED TROOPS AT VERA CRUZ. |
| MAXIMILIAN WATCHING THE DEPARTURE OF THE LAST FRENCH TROOPS FROM THE CITY OF MEXICO. |
| SALMON PORTLAND CHASE, SECRETARY OF THE TREASURY DURING THE CIVIL WAR. |
| FACSIMILE OF A PORTION OF PRESIDENT LINCOLN’S DRAFT OF THE PRELIMINARY PROCLAMATION OF EMANCIPATION, SEPTEMBER, 1862. (From the original in the Library of the State of New York, Albany). |
| EDWIN M. STANTON. |
| ULYSSES S. GRANT. |
| SAMUEL J. TILDEN. (After a pastel by Sarony in the house at Gramercy Park). |
| JAMES A. GARFIELD. |
| JAMES G. BLAINE. |
| PRESIDENT GROVER CLEVELAND. |
| A FACSIMILE PUT IN EVIDENCE BEFORE THE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEE. |
| THE MOUTH OF THE MIAMI RIVER, FLORIDA. |
| THE SITE OF CHICAGO. |
| AN OHIO RIVER FLAT-BOAT. |
| AN IRRIGATED ORANGE GROVE AT RIVERSIDE, CALIFORNIA. |
| THE IRRIGATING RESERVOIR AT WALNUT GROVE, ARIZONA, SHOWING THE ARTIFICIAL LAKE PARTLY FILLED. |
| AT THE CENTENNIAL EXPOSITION, PHILADELPHIA, 1876. |
| THE AMERICAN LINE STEAMSHIP ST. LOUIS, LAUNCHED FROM THE CRAMPS DOCKS, NOVEMBER 12, 1894. (554 feet long, 11,000 tons, and 20,000 horse-power). |
| CORNELIUS VANDERBILT. |
| THE BIG LOOP ON THE GEORGETOWN BRANCH OF THE UNION PACIFIC, COLORADO. |
| CHARLES F. BRUSH. |
| MOSES G. FARMER. |
| THOMAS A. EDISON. |
| THE HOOSAC TUNNEL LIT BY GLOW LAMPS, AFTER THE PLAN OF THE MARR CONSTRUCTION COMPANY. |
| EDISON’S PLATINUM LAMP ON CARBON SUPPORT, 1879. |
| EDISON’S PAPER CARBON LAMP. |
| EDISON’S FIRST INCANDESCENT PLATINUM LAMP. |
| THE BROOKLYN BRIDGE, LOOKING UP THE EAST RIVER. |
| THE MANHATTAN ELEVATED RAILWAY, NEW YORK. |
| UNDER SIDE OF A MODERN SWITCHBOARD, SHOWING 2,000 TELEGRAPH WIRES. |
| PROFESSOR BELL SENDING THE FIRST MESSAGE, BY LONG-DISTANCE TELEPHONE, FROM NEW YORK TO CHICAGO. |
| THE NEW YORK GOLD ROOM ON “BLACK FRIDAY,” SEPTEMBER 24,1869. |
| A SCENE DURING THE CHICAGO FIRE. |
| CATCHING THE MAIL POUCH FROM THE CRANE. |
| IGLOOS, OR ESQUIMAU HUTS. |
| A. W. GREELY. |