child-labor laws, but they were ordinarily poorly enforced and no State

was wholly free from the blight of this child slavery. While fourteen

years was the minimum in most of the States, a few permitted the

employment of children of ten years of age. In the majority of cases

there was no legal closing hour after which children might not be

employed.

Cotton-mill operatives so small that in order to reach

their work they have to stand upon the machinery.