John W. Gates.

The Carnegie Steel Company long remained independent. Determined not to

enter a "combine," Andrew Carnegie sought to fortify his position. He

obtained a fleet of ships upon the lakes, purchased mines, undertook to

construct tube works at Conneaut, Ohio, and planned for railroads. A

battle of the giants, with loss and possible ruin for one side or the

other, impended. Carnegie was finally willing to sell. Hence, the United

States Steel Corporation capitalized for a billion dollars. Carnegie and

his partners were said to receive about $300,000,000 in bonds of the new

corporation, while the other trusts and the promoters absorbed the stock