Wiedeman was the maiden name of Mr. Browning's mother, her father having been a German who settled in Scotland and married a Scotch wife.

[188]

A revolution, fomented chiefly by the Leghornese, expelled the Grand Duke in March 1849; about seven weeks later a counter-revolution, chiefly by the peasantry, recalled him.

[189]

Chief administrator of the Republic of Tuscany during the short absence of the Grand Duke Leopold.

[190]

Minister of the Interior in the Republic of 1848, and one of the most prominent f the advanced Republican leaders.