The novice in riding must not be dismayed nor discouraged by all the instructions in regard to defending one's self against restive and vicious horses, as she may ride for years, or even for a life-time, and never be in any serious danger. But a time might possibly come, when she would suddenly and unexpectedly be called upon to exert herself in order to exact obedience from her steed, or to extricate herself from a perilous situation, and then a knowledge of what should be done will be of great use to her. Being armed at all points, and understanding the means required for any emergency, she will not depend for safety altogether upon the caprice or the gentleness of her horse, but chiefly upon her own knowledge and skill; this will give her a confidence and sense of security that will greatly add to the pleasure of her ride.

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EXPLANATION.

1.The lips.
2.Tip of the nose. Figs. 1 and 2 form the muzzle.
3.Chanfrin, or face; the parts that correspond to the bones of the nose, and that extend from the brow to the nostrils.
4.The brow, or forehead.
5.The eye-pits; cavities more or less deeply situated above the eyes.
6.Forelock; hairs between the ears that fall upon the forehead.
7.The ears.
8.The lower jaw and channel, or space comprised between the two lower jaws. Cheek. Jowl.
9.The jaws: nether jaws.
10.The nostril.
11.The throat.
12.Region of parotid glands, at the posterior and internal part of each of the lower-jaw bones.
13.The crest.
13′.The mane.
14.Windpipe and groove of the jugular veins.
15.The chest, thorax.
16.The withers, or the sharp, projecting part at the inferior extremity of the crest and of the mane. It is formed by the projection of the first dorsal vertebra.
17.The back, or part upon which the saddle is placed.
18.The ribs.
19.The passage for the girths.
20.The loins.
21.The croup; the most elevated part of the posterior extremity of the body.
22.The tail.
24.The flank.
25.The abdomen.
27.The saphena vein.
28.The shoulder and arm.
28′.The point of the shoulder.
29.The elbow.
30.The fore-arm.
32.The knee.
33.The cannon bone, shank.
34.The large pastern joint.
35.The small pastern joint.
36.The coronet.
37.The front foot and hoof.
38.The fetlock and ergot. The fetlock consists of hairs, and the ergot of a horny-like substance constantly found at the back and lower part of the large pastern joints.
39.The haunch.
40.The thigh, gaskin, or femur.
41.The stifle joint.
42.The buttock.
43.The tibia, or leg proper (lower thigh); a small bone lies behind it, the fibula.
44.The hock (curb place).
44′.The point of the hock.
46.The cannon bone.
47.The large pastern joint.
48.The fetlock and ergot.
49.The small pastern joint.
50.The coronet.
51.Hind-foot and hoof.