[64] Domesday Book and Beyond, 188. See [Appendix E]. Southwark, one of the names, which is not called a borough in Domesday, retains its name of The Borough to the present day.
[65] No Roman remains have been found in either place.
[66] Beauties of England and Wales, Oxfordshire.
[67] See Skeat’s Dictionary, “Timber.”
[68] Excavation has recently shown that many of the great hill-forts were permanently inhabited, and it is now considered improbable that they were originally built as camps of refuge. It seems more likely that this use, of which there are undoubted instances in historic times (see Cæsar, Bello Gallico, vi., 10, and v., 21), belonged to a more advanced stage of development, when population had moved down into the lower and cultivatable lands, but still used their old forts in cases of emergency.
[70] Haverfield, in V. C. H. Worcester, Romano-British Worcester, i.
[71] Early Fortifications in Scotland, p. 105.
[72] Gairdner and Mullinger, Introduction to the Study of English History, 268.
[73] The tower called Cæsar’s Tower is really a mural tower of the 13th century. E. W. Cox, “Chester Castle,” in Chester Hist. and Archæol. Soc., v., 239.