[84] D. B., i., 238a, 1.
[85] “Abbas de Couentreu habet 36 masuras, et 4 sunt wastæ propter situm castelli.... Hae masurae pertinent ad terras quas ipsi barones tenent extra burgum, et ibi appreciatae sunt.” D. B., i., 238.
[86] Domesday Book and Beyond, p. 189. See [Appendix D].
[87] Dugdale’s Warwickshire, 1st edition, pp. 50 and 75. The derivation of Kirby from Cyricbyrig is not according to etymological rules, but there can be no doubt about it as a fact; for in Domesday it is stated that Chircheberie was held by Geoffrey de Wirche, and that the monks of St Nicholas [at Angers] had two carucates in the manor. In the charter in which Geoffrey de Wirche makes this gift Chircheberie is called Kirkeberia [M. A., vi., 996], but in the subsequent charter of Roger de Mowbray, confirming the gift, it is called Kirkeby.
[88] Britannia, ii., 375.
[89] Numismatic Chronicle, 3rd S., xiii., 220.
[90] Fowler’s History of Runcorn gives a plan of this fort, and there is another in Hanshall’s History of Cheshire, p. 418 (1817). A very different one is given in Beaumont’s History of Halton.
[91] Beaumont’s Records of the Honour of Halton. In 1368, John Hank received the surrender of a house near to the castle in Runcorn.
[92] Mediæval Military Architecture, ii., 120.
[93] Essex Naturalist, January 1887.