Through deserts and oases of central Asia - Ella Sykes; Sir Percy Sykes

On the way home we passed a number of fine skulls lying about below a bluff which the Kirghiz referred to as a “cemetery.” They said that the Ovis poli are hunted in the snow by packs of wolves and take refuge on such steep places, where they are surrounded. In spite of their huge horns the rams apparently never attempt to defend themselves, and as their joints, heated by the pursuit, stiffen from the cold, they fall an easy prey to their enemies.

******

As I sit at home surrounded by trophies gained in the plains of India, in Kashmir, in Ladak, in Persia and finally in the Pamirs, each head evokes pleasing memories of the stalk and recalls some of the happiest days of my life. On no expedition does the golden haze lie deeper than on the successful stalking of the great sheep of Marco Polo, in the remote upland valleys of the “Roof of the World.”

INDEX

Aba Bakr, [268]
Abdalis, [242]
Abu Ali bin Sina (Avicenna), [318]
Abu Nasr, [260]
Achmet, [22], [24], [27], [40-41], [46]
Afghanistan, Amir of: China and, [272];
Wakhan awarded to, [294]
Afghanistan, trade with, [247]
Afghans in Kashgar, [57]
Afrasiab, Mt., [156]
Agha Khan, the, [155], [157], [177]
Agriculture in Chinese Turkestan, [300-307]
Agri Su, shrine, [181]
Ahmad Khan, Amir, [272]
Akhois, [114-17], [125], [146], [149]
Ak Langar, [203], [220]
Ak Masjid taken, [276], [282]
Aksakals, [105], [273];
of Guma, [197-8];
of Sarikol, [153], [157]
Aksu, [240], [266], [280], [292], [295]
Ak Taulin, [269], [270]
Ak-Yul-luk ceremony, [312]
Alai range, [31]
Ali Aralan, [93-5], [261]
Almaligh, [265]
Alti Shahr, [273]
Ambans, Chinese, [126], [194], [198], [242], [279]
Amin-ul-Muminin, [284]
Amundsen, Captain, [4]
Amursana, [271]
Andijan, [21], [245], [272], [274], [299], [301]
Apak, Hazrat, [68-70], [270-71], [312]
Arabs, conquests by, [256-8]
Architecture of Chinese Turkestan, [84-5]
Argon, [117], [125]
Arslan Khans, [259]
Aryans of Sarikol, [131], [153], [155], [157-60], [308]
Atalik Ghazi, [279]
Ata-ul-Vali, Shaykh, [181]
Austrian prisoners, [19]
Avicenna, [318]
Badakshan, [145], [247], [272], [278]
Badakshani horses, [28], [53], [114], [176-177], [194], [227-8], [247]
Badrudin, Khan Sahib, [209-10], [212], [216-20]
Bag-mouth rat, [88]
Baigu, game of, [150-51], [165]
Baths, Russian, [13-14]
Beg Kuli Beg, [292]
Begs, [25], [27], [92], [126-7], [139], [164-5];
of Tashmalik, [107], [109];
official powers of, [243-5]
Bergen, [4-5]
Besitun, Mt., [156]
Bibi Anna, shrine of, [92-3]
Bielka, [54], [230]
Birds of Chinese Turkestan, [87-8], [161], [182], [221]
Bishbaligh, [259]
Black Mountaineers, [269]
Bohlin, Mr., [51], [55], [65], [66], [72], [87], [88], [105], [171], [173]
Bokhara, [269], [274], [279], [282-3]
“Braiding of the hair” ceremony, [274], [313-14]
Bridge of Gez River, [110-11]
Britain and Chinese Turkestan, [293-4], [298];
Yakub Beg and, [285-290]
Brownie, [54], [230]
Buchanan, Lady Georgina, [10]
Buddhism, [94], [153], [217-19], [241], [310];
in China, [252-3]
Buddhist ruins, [84-5], [217-19]
Buffer states, Chinese, [298]
Bulunkul, Lake, [111], [165]
Buzurg Khan, [277], [279]
Camels, [15], [28], [79], [109], [112], [169], [302-3]
Caravans, [25], [28], [89], [176]
Carpets, [82], [116], [146-7], [213]
Carts, native, [26], [176]
Chachbagh ceremony, [313-14]
Chagatai, [265], [266]
Chang Kien, [252]
Chapman, Captain, [287]
Chengiz Khan, [263-5]
Chernaieff, General, [277]
Chightam, [280-81]
Childbirth ceremonies, [314-15]
Children, [315-16]
China: buffer states of, [298];
travel in, [102]
Chinese Turkestan and, [55], [97], [186], [242-5];
during Revolution, [294-9];
struggle for suzerainty, [67], [249-53], [255-6], [257-8], [271-4];
Yakub Beg and, [70-71], [277-81], [290-93]
Chinese: administration, [55], [97], [186], [242-5];
authorities, [37], [186], [242-5];
banquets, [72-3], [76-8], [199];
burial customs, [71-72];
cemetery, [70-72];
farmers, [301-2];
finger-nails, [73],[96-7], [99];
foot-mutilation, [74-5];
forced labour, [55], [306];
games, [78];
habits unhealthy, [96-7], [99];
hashish prohibited by, [172];
jade, [215-17];
kindness to animals, [100-101];
lying, [100];
marriage, [65], [99-100];
missionaries persecuted by, [52];
soldiers, [74], [95-6];
travellers, [28];
veneration for age, [76]
Chinese Turkestan: administration, [55], [97], [186], [242-5];
agriculture, [300-307];
art, [82-4];
boundaries, [235-6];
climate, [56], [239-40];
deserts, [236-8];
flora, [87], [128], [149-50], [169], [210];
halting-places, [35];
hospitality, [102];
justice, [245];
loess formation, [36], [56-7], [86], [91];
marriage, [189];
population, [240-42], [308-10];
religions, [94], [153], [217-19], [241-2], [310];
rivers, [258-9];
road-making, [228];
taxes, [243-4], [306];
trade, [245-7], [289]
history of: Chinese rule, [67], [70-71], [249-53], [255-6], [257-8], [271-4], [277-81], [290-93], [294-9];
Huns and Yue-chi, [249], [252-3];
Juan Juan, [254];
Western Turks, [254-5];
Arabs and Tibetans, [255-6], [257-8];
Uighurs, [258-9];
Turks, [260-62];
Chengiz Khan, Timur, Tamerlane, [263-8];
Chagatai Khans, [267-9];
Zungars, [270-71];
Khojas, [269], [270], [272-274], [278];
Yakub Beg, [70-71], [276-81], [290-4];
Britain and Russia, [275-6], [282-6], [293-4], [299]
Chini Bagh, [39-40], [81]
Chitral occupied, [293]
Christian tribes, [263-4]
Christianity in Chinese Turkestan, [190];
Nestorian, [94], [256], [323]
Circumcision, [315-16]
Cobbold, Captain, [134]
Consulate premises, [39-40], [81], [170-71]
Coronation Chapel, Moscow, [11]
Corvée system, [55], [306]
Cossacks in Kashgar, [46], [52], [79-80], [81], [297-8];
in Pamirs, [133], [135], [140], [141-3];
Kirghiz descended from, [240]
Croquet, [46]
Czaplicka, Miss, [120]
Dalai Lama, [270]
Dalgleish, [223]
Dancing, [323]
Daoud Akhun, [41], [50], [160], [165], [168], [171], [176]
Deasy, Captain, [40], [77]
Death ceremonies, [316-17]
Deserts, [175], [236-8]
Devanchi Pass, [291]
Divorce in Chinese Turkestan, [65], [212]
Dixon, E. W., [326]
Dogs, pariah, [101]
Donkeys, Kashgari, [89], [101], [176], [302]
Dughlat tribe, [265], [267-8]
Dulanis, [223], [225], [241], [281], [323]
Dumba, [26], [44]
Dunmore, Lord, [111], [143], [230]
Eagles, hunting with, [182], [222]
Education in Kashgar, [316]
Elburz Range, [136]
Embroidery, [83]
English Hospital in Petrograd, [10]
Etherton, Lieutenant, [184]
Evil eye, charms against, [319]
Fa-hien, [217], [219], [253]
Falconer of the Mehtar of Chitral, [177]
Falconry, [177-8]
Ferhad, [156]
Finger-nails, Chinese, [73], [96-7], [99]
Finland, [8-9]
Fish, poisonous, [43];
Kirghiz fishing, [152-3]
Flax cultivation, [172-3]
Flora:
of Chinese Turkestan, [87], [128], [149-50], [169], [210];
of Pamirs, [145-6]
Forsyth mission, [287-9]
“Four Garrisons,” [255-6]
Freshfield, Mr. Douglas, [146]
Games:
Chinese, [78];
Kashgari, [323];
Kirghiz, [122], [150-51], [165]
German prisoners, [19]
Gez River, [107-11], [166]
Gilgit occupied, [293]
Goat game, [122], [150-51], [165]
Gobi, the, [175], [236], [258], [290]
Goez, Benedict, [270]
Goitre:
in Khotan, [212];
in Yarkand, [184-5], [192]
Gordon, Sir Thomas, [155], [287], [289]
Governor of Kashgar, lunch given by, [72-6];
of Tashkurghan, [155];
of Yangi Shahr, [97], [99]
Great Karakul Lake, [130], [132], [134], [327-8]
Grenard, [242], [261], [317]
Grombohevsky, Captain, [293]
Guchluk, [262], [264]
Gul Bagh, [71]
Guma, [197-9]
Gur Khan, [261], [262]
Haidar, Mirza, [240], [266] (note), [268]
Hakim Khan Torah, [292]
Haldan Bokosha, Khan, [270]
Han dynasty, [249-50]
Hasan Boghra Khan, [260-61]
Hasan, Sayyid Khoja, [269]
Hashish, [172], [185]
Hawks, [87-8];
white, [177-8]
Haydon, Mr., [141]
Hayward, [287]
Hazrat Apak, [68-70], [93], [270-71], [312]
Hemp, [246]
Hindus:
in Kargalik, [194];
in Yarkand, [183], [185], [186]
Hiong-Nu tribe, [249], [254]
Hiuen Tsiang, [129], [196], [197], [207], [217], [237], [251], [254]
Hoa tribe, [254]
Höegberg, Dr., [52], [184], [190];
Mrs., [189], [190]
Holdich, Sir Thomas, [129]
Horsemanship:
Cossack, [79-80];
Kashgari, [80], [99]
Horses:
Badakshani, [28], [53], [114], [176-7], [194], [227-8], [247];
Kalmuck, [302];
treatment of, [151-2]
Hospidset Hotel, [4]
Howorth, Sir Henry, [270]
Hsien Yin or Sub-Governor, [242]
Hsin-Chiang, Chinese name for Chinese Turkestan, [235], [271]
Humayun, [112], [175]
Huns, [249-50], [252], [254];
White, [253-4]
Id festival, [229]
Iftikhar Ahmad, Khan Sahib, [105], [158], [168], [175], [196], [224]
Ilak Khans, [258], [261]
Ilohi, native name for Khotan, [212]
Ili, [265], [270], [271], [272], [280], [294]
Ili Tartar General, [243]
India:
trade with, [246];
Yue-chi invade, [249], [252]
Indian Empire and Yakub Beg, [286-290]
Indians in Chinese Turkestan, [183], [185], [186], [194]
Insects of Turkestan, [88-9], [107], [171]
Intermarriage, results of, [313]
Irkeshtam, [33], [293]
Isa Haji, [303-7]
Isan Bughs, [265]
Ishan Khan Khoja, [273]
Islam:
rise of, [256], [260-61], [262];
supplants Buddhism, [266], [269], [293], [310]
Issak Boulak, [161]
Jade of Khotan, [215-17], [270]
Jafar Bai, [26-7], [30], [40-41], [43], [50], [77], [95], [108], [112], [117-18], [152], [160], [165], [173], [175], [183], [195], [204], [222], [228]
Jahangir, [267], [272]
Jam-i-Taghai-Agri-Su, [181]
Johnson, Mr., [286]
Juan Juan, [254]
Justice in Chinese Turkestan, [245]
Justinian, Emperor, [214]
Kalmuck tribe, [270];
horses of, [302]
Kamar-u-Din, [267]
Kanishka, [252]
Kan Ying, [251]
Kaptar Mazzar, [205-7]
Karakash River, [209]
Kara Khitai dynasty, [261], [262]
Kara Koram, [236], [246]
Karakoram, capital of Uighurs, [259]
Karakul Lake, Great, [130], [132], [134], [327-8];
Little, [164]
Karashahr, [241], [255], [280], [292];
horses, [302]
Kara Taulin, [269]
Kargalik, [193-4], [288]
Karungi, [7-9]
Kashgar:
agriculture, [170], [172], [301-2], [303-7];
bazar, [57-63];
birds, [87-8];
British mission at, [288-9];
Buddhist ruins, [84-85];
cemetery, [68-9];
childbirth, [314-15];
Chinese Republic, disturbances in, [295-8];
climate, [56], [230-31], [239-40];
crops, [170], [172], [301-2];
death ceremonies, [316-17];
donkeys, [89], [101], [302];
education, [316];
farmers, [303-7];
food available in, [43-4];
fruit, [170], [179-80], [301];
handicrafts, [82-4];
insects, [88-9], [107], [171];
laundry difficulties in, [45-6];
marriage and divorce, [64-5], [310-13];
medical science in, [317-21];
millers, [90];
Oasis, [37], [54-5], [240], [300-302];
population, [245-246];
prices, [44-5];
revenue, [244];
Russian colony in, [46-51], [79-84], [105];
sandstorms, [56], [239-40];
shrines, [92-5], [320];
sunsets, [91-2], [231];
Swedish missionaries, [37], [44], [51-3];
trade, [245];
trees, [86-7];
wall, [67-8];
winter in, [280-81]
history of:
Huns drive Yue-chi from, [249];
Pan Chao conquers, [66-7], [250-51];
Yue-chi regain, [252], [253];
Buddhism reaches, [253];
China recovers, [255];
one of “Four Garrisons,” [255], [257];
Christianity and Zoroastrianism in, [256];
Arab raids reach, [257];
Ali Arslan defeated, [94], [261];
Turkish rule, [261];
Sadi visits, [262];
Marco Polo in, [265];
Timur’s capital, [266];
under Dughlat Amirs, [267-8];
Khojas established in, [269];
Hazrat Apak rules, [68], [270-71];
Chinese masters of, [271-3];
attempts of Khojas to regain, [272], [273-4], [277];
Yakub Beg rules, [277-8], [279-91];
Russian designs on, [283], [285];
British mission in, [287-90];
Chinese overthrow Yakub Beg, [97], [290-92];
Revolutionary disturbances in, [295-8]
Kashgari:
costumes, [29], [58-9], [83], [193];
cruelty to animals, [100-101];
dirtiness, [44];
farmers, [303-7];
games, [323];
health, [99], [173];
horsemanship, [80], [99];
lying, [100];
medical mission and, [52-53];
music, [63-4], [323];
peasants, [60];
pleasure expeditions, [92], [95];
religious observances, [68-9], [92], [95], [314-315];
superstitions, [69], [318-21];
women, [58-61], [64-5], [83], [92-3], [122], [310-15];
workmen, [29], [31], [58]
Kashmir, [269];
Maharaja of, [293]
Kasia Mountains, [236]
Katta Dawan, [128-31], [133], [327]
Katta Tura, [273]
Kaufmann, General, [18], [285]
Kaufmann, Mt., [134]
Kaulbars, Baron, [284]
Kazis, [243], [245]
Keen Lung, Emperor, [271]
Keraits, [263]
Khanates of the Sir Darya, [275], [283], [299]
Khargush Pamir, [134-9]
Khiva, [275]
Khojas, [269], [270-71], [272-3], [274], [277-8], [280]
Khokand, [20-21];
submits to China, [272], [273];
Russian advance on, [276], [277], [279];
Russian rule established, [282], [283], [299];
revolt, [283], [285]
Khotan:
ancient cities of, [217-19];
carpets, [82], [116], [146-7], [213];
history, [94], [253], [255], [261], [279], [286], [292];
jade, [215-17];
oasis, [323];
population, [240], [246];
products, [213-17], [246];
women, [211-12]
journey to:
the caravan, [175-8];
Yangi Hissar, [178], [180];
Yarkand, [182-90];
Posgam, [192-3];
crossing the desert, [195-7], [201-208];
arrival, [209-11];
Merket, [221-5];
return to Kashgar, [225-9]
Khudadad, Amir, [268]
Khudayar Khan, [276], [277]
Kirghiz, [240-41], [308];
akhois, [30], [114-17], [125], [146], [149];
character and customs, [113-14], [118], [123-5], [164-5], [331];
features, [57], [113];
fishing, [152-3];
goat game, [122], [150-51], [165];
headgear, [25], [118], [133], [148];
hunter, [330-31];
Karakoram captured by, [259];
marriages, [119-22], [323];
ponies, [302];
religion and superstition, [125], [163];
submit to China, [272];
women, [23], [114], [118-22], [133]
Kizil Art, [236]
Kizil Su River, [35], [55], [238]
Korla, [292]
Koumiss, [122]
Kucha, [280], [292]
Kuen-lun range, [205], [236]
Kuli, [165]
Kulja, [271], [293]
Kungur, Mt., [40], [164]
Kuntigmas, [166]
Kuropatkin, [291]
Kutass riding, [162-4], [166-8]
Kutayba ibn Muslim, [257]
Kvass, [9]
Labour, forced, [55], [306]
Ladak, [268], [269], [286]
Lalmoi marsh, [238]
Lapis lazuli, [247]
Leh route to India, [246]
Little, Mrs. Archibald, [75]
Littledale, Mrs. St. George, [209]
Little Lake Karakul, [164]
Liu-Kin-tang, [97-8]
Loess formations, [36], [56-7], [86], [91]
Macartney, Lady, [38-39], [45], [54]
Macartney, Sir George, [3], [37], [52], [78], [102], [231], [298]
Makhdum-i-Azam, [269]
Manichaeism, [259]
Maralbashi, [238], [239]
Marmots, [136], [144]
Marriage:
Chinese, [65], [189];
Kashgar, [64-5], [310-13];
Khotan, [212];
Kirghiz, [119-22], [323]
Master of the Horse, [176-7]
Mazzars, [92-5], [205-7]
Medical missionaries attacked, [51-2]
Medicine in Kashgar, system of, [317-21]
Melons, [179-80]
Merket, [221-5], [241]
Meshed, [51], [325]
Mestchersky, Prince, [46], [48];
Princess, [46], [48], [75], [79], [80]
Metal-work, [83]
Millers, [90]
Ming Bashis, [25], [141], [144-5], [243]
Miniol, [37], [170]
Mithradates II., [249-50]
Moghulistan, [235], [265], [267]
Mohamed of Khwarazm (Khiva), [262]
Mongols:
of Karashahr, [241];
races of, in Chinese Turkestan, [308];
rise of, [263-5];
Tombs of the, [95]
Mon Wang, [249]
Moscow, [11]
Moslems deported, [271], [272], [273];
rebellions of, [280]
Mountain sickness, [138], [149], [168]
Muezzins, [91]
Mullas, [52], [58], [61], [173]
Murghab River, [130], [141]
Mussalman Kuli, [276], [277]
Muztagh Ata, [40], [111], [148], [160], [163], [164], [166], [180], [231]
Nadir, the huntsman, [108], [117], [119], [131-2];
his sheep taken by wolves, [124-5];
stalking ovis poli, [133], [135], [140-41], [328-30];
at home in Tashkurghan, [153], [156-7]
Naiman tribe, [264]
Narin, Fort, [283]
Nestorian Christianity, [94], [256], [323]
Niaz Hakim Beg, [291]
Nomad tribes, [240-41], [243]
Norwegians, [4-5]
Oases, [240], [301-2], [306]
Opal, [169-70]
Opium, [247]
Ordam-Padshah, [94], [261]
Oriental slackness, [40], [42]
Osh, [23-6]
Ovis ammon, [326]
Ovis poli:
horns, [143], [326];
stalking, [131], [135], [146], [324-32]
Pamirs:
British mission in, [289];
Russian authority in, [293-4], [299], [325]
travel in:
preparations, [103-5];
journey begun, [105-7];
Gez River crossing, [107-11], [166];
daily routine, [112-13];
among the Kirghiz, [113-27];
Katta Dawan crossed, [129-31], [133], [327];
Karakul Lake, [130], [132], [134], [327];
ovis poli stalking, [133], [135], [327-8];
Khargush Pamir, [134-9];
fossils found, [141];
Pamirsky Post, [141-3], [328];
Uchak Valley, stalking in, [144], [329-31];
with the Sarikoli, [148-60];
Ulughat Pass, [166-8]
Pamirsky Post, [139], [141-3], [328]
Pan Ghao, General, [67], [250-51]
Paper manufacture, [198]
Parthia, Chinese missions to, [249], [251]
Persia:
agriculture, [301];
character of people, [190];
China and, [253], [256];
deserts, [236]
Peter the Great, [270]
Petrograd, [3], [9-10]
Philip of France, [178]
Pigeon Shrine, [205-7]
Polo, Marco, [129], [196], [205], [265], [324-5]
Posgam, [192-3]
Potais, [178-9], [196], [204]
Pottery, [82]
Prester John, [264]
Przemyzl, capture of, [17]
Ptolemy, [236]
Races of Chinese Turkestan, [308]
Rainfall, [239], [300]
Ramazan, fast of, [125], [165], [171], [173-4]
Raquette, Dr., [51-2]
Rashid Khan, [269]
Rémusat, [212], [215], [219]
Revenue system, [243-4], [306]
Revolution, Chinese, [294-9]
Roads in Turkestan, [25], [27], [30-32], [228]
Roche, Major, [143]
Romanoff, M., [17], [81-2], [87]
Russia, journey through, [9-15];
peasants, [14];
soldiers, [9], [10], [14];
the steppes, [15], [16], [22];
trains, [6], [13], [15], [17]
policy of:
Sir Daria entered, [275-6];
hostilities with Khokand, [276], [277], [282], [283];
Turkestan province formed, [276];
Ili province occupied, [280];
Yakub Beg and, [282-6], [290], [291], [292];
treaty with Chinese, [293];
Pamir delimitation, [293-4];
troops in Kashgar, [297-8];
territories acquired, [299];
trade with, [245], [246], [247], [284]
Russians:
colony in Kashgar, [46-51], [79-81], [105];
devotion, [11-12];
hospitality, [24], [47-9];
outposts in Pamirs, [133-5], [140], [141-3], [154];
primitive customs, [33-5];
Sarts and, [18], [19], [21]
Russian Turkestan, journey through, [17-35]
Sadi, [262]
Sadik Beg, [277], [278]
Safdar Ali Khan, [187]
Said, Sultan, [268]
Sakas, [249]
Samara, [13-14]
Samarkand, [216], [269]
Sandstorms, [56], [239-40]
Sanjar, Sultan, [262]
Sarikol annexed, [280]
Sarikolis, [131], [149], [153], [155], [157-160], [177], [308], [323]
Sarts, [18-21]
Satok Boghra Khan, [260]
Sattur, [41-3], [50], [88], [113], [139], [158], [160-61], [166], [171], [172], [176]
Sayyids, [92]
Schlagintweit, Adolph, [274], [286]
Semirechia, [299]
Shah Murad Khan, [277]
Shah Rukh, [268]
Shakir Padshah, Imam, [206]
Shamshir, [120-21]
Shaw, Robert, [286-7]
Sheep:
fat-tailed, [26], [44], [303];
Osh district, [26],44;
Yarkand, [185-6];
wolves and, [114], [124-5], [331];
wild, of Marco Polo, [131], [143], [146], [324-32]
Shirin, [156]
Shrines, [68-72], [92-5], [205-7], [310], [320]
Sigm shrine, [320]
Silk industry of Khotan, [213-15]
Sir Daria, the, [20], [275-6]
Snakes, [88]
Snow-throwing custom, [321-2]
Spiders, [88-9]
Stein, Sir Aurel:
researches of, [76], [84], [94], [98], [107], [218-19], [242], [259];
returns from desert, [101-2];
helps in Pamir preparations, [105], [106];
bound for Persia, [166]
Steppes, [15-16], [22]
Stockholm, [5]
“Stone Sheep-folds,” [114]
Sturgeon, [8]
Subashi, [162]
Superstitions of Kashgari, [69], [318-320]
Swedes, [5], [7-8]
Swedish missionaries, [37], [44], [51], [52-53], [180], [184], [188-9], [190]
Tagharma, [149], [152], [153]
Taghdumbash Pamir, [155]
Taghliks, [241]
Taiping rebellion, [279-80]
Tajiks, [242]
Takla Makan desert, [84], [175], [195-7], [201-8], [236]
Tamerlane, [216], [266-8]
Tang dynasty, [255]
Taotai of Kashgar, [295-6]
Taoyin, or Governor, [242], [244]
Tarantchis, [272], [280]
Tarikh-i-Rashidi, [266]
Tashkent, [18-20], [276], [277], [282];
fruit, [301]
Tashkurghan, [149], [153-5], [177]
Tashmalik oasis, [106-7]
Taxes in Chinese Turkestan, [243-4], [306]
Temple of Liu-Kin-tang, [97-8];
of Pan Ghao, [67]
Terek Dawan, [30-32], [36], [273]
Thum of Hunza, the, [187]
Tian Shan, the, [25-37], [291]
Tibetan invasion, [255], [257-8]
Tims, [84]
Tiznaf River, [192]
Togkrak tree, [225]
Toghril, [263-4]
Tokharistan, [252]
Tombs of the Mongols, [95]
Tora, Haji, [284]
Torgut Mongols, [270-71]
Tornea, [9]
Trade of Chinese Turkestan, [245-7], [289]
Trains, Scandinavian and Russian, [6], [13], [15], [17]
Trans-Alai range, [134], [327]
Treaty of St. Petersburg, [293]
Trotter, Capt., [287], [326]
Tsar’s prohibition edict, [9], [24], [47]
Tse Wang Rabdan, [270]
Tughluk Timur, [265-6]
Tuman Su River, [55], [66]
Tunganis, [200], [241-2], [271], [278-9], [280-81], [295]
Turfan, [235], [250], [253], [255], [260], [280], [291]
Turkestan, city of, [17]
Turkey and Yakub Beg, [284-5]
Turki:
farriers, [62];
language, [261];
uncleanliness, [43]
Turks:
Chinese Turkestan under, [261];
Northern, [255];
Western, empire of, [254], [255]
Uchak Valley: ovis poli stalking in, [144], [329-31]
Uighurs, [253], [258-9], [308]
Ulughat Pass, [166-8]
Urumchi, [242], [245], [259], [280], [290];
Chinese Revolution in, [294-5], [297-8]
Uzbegs, [268]
Victoria, Queen, [289]
Vyborg, [9]
Wakhan incident, [145], [293-4]
Wakhijir pass, [247]
Wali Khan Khoja, [273-4], [286]
Wang Khan, the, [264]
Whistling, [12], [64]
White Huns, [253-4]
White Mountaineers, [269]
Wolves, [114], [124-5], [331]
Wood, Lieutenant, [129], [143], [325]
Women:
Chinese, [74], [75], [99-100];
Dulani, [223], [226-6];
Kashgari, [58-61], [64-65], [83], [92-3], [122], [310-15];
Khotan, [211-12], [253];
Kirghiz, [23], [114], [118-22], [133];
Moslem, [26], [40], [64-5], [92-3], [264-5];
Persian, [61];
Russian peasant, [14];
Sarikoli, [159];
Takla Makan, [200];
Tashkent, [20], [22];
Yarkandi, [187-9]
Wu Kung, [258]
Yagello, Colonel, [144], [145]
Yaks, [123-4], [143];
riding, [162-4], [166-8]
Yakub Beg:
army of, [281-2];
Britain and, [286-90];
Buddhist monuments destroyed by, [67], [84];
conquests of, [67], [71], [278-281];
fort of, [213];
garden belonging to, [188];
overthrown by Chinese, [58], [70], [290-92];
rest-houses built by, [181];
Russia’s relations with, [282-6];
tomb destroyed, [70]
Yangi Hissar, [178], [180], [278]
Yangi Shahr, [95-9], [240]
Yarkand:
arrival at, [182-4];
bazars, [185-7];
Goez in, [270];
goitre, [184-5], [192];
horses, [302];
Khojas beaten at, [273];
mission colony, [188-9];
oasis, [181], [191];
population, [240], [246];
Shaw at, [286-7];
women, [187-9];
Yakub Beg captures, [278-9]
Yarkand River, [225], [226], [238], [239]
Yelui Tashi, [261]
Yezdigird III., [256]
Yezid, [242]
Yonoff, Colonel, [293-4]
Yotkan, [218-19]
Younghusband, Sir Francis, [136], [236], [293-4], [325]
Yuan-Shih-Kai, [295-6]
Yue-chi, or Indo-Scythians, [249], [250-53]
Yurungkash River, [217]
Yuz Bashis, [243]
Zarafshan or Yarkand River, [238]
Zawa oasis, [206], [208], [219-20]
Zoroastrianism, [155], [256]
Zungars, [270-71]

THE END

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MAP to illustrate AUTHORS’ ROUTES.
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