A.B. Wallace, Australasia, Vol. I, p. 454. London, 1893.

W.S. Barclay, Life in Terra del Fuego, The Nineteenth Century, Vol. 55, p. 97. January, 1904.

A.E. Wallace, Australasia, Vol. I, pp. 454-455. London, 1893.

Darwin, Origin of Species, Vol. II, chap. XIII, p. 178. New York, 1895.

Ibid., Vol. II, chap. XII, p. 167-168.

Nesbit Bain, Finland and the Tsar, Fortnightly Review, Vol. 71, p. 735. E. Limedorfer, Finland's Plight, Forum, Vol. 32, pp. 85-93.

Archibald Geikie, The Scenery of Scotland, pp. 398-399. London, 1887.

Railways in Asia Minor, Littell's Living Age, Vol. 225, p. 196.

J. Ellis Barker, Modern Germany, pp. 38-66. London, 1907.

The Polish Danger in Prussia, Westminster Review, Vol. 155, p. 375.