Ibid., pp. 179, 185, 286.

Ibid., pp. 127-131.

Ratzel, History of Mankind, Vol. III, pp. 100-102, 132-145. London, 1896-1898.

H.R. Mill, International Geography, p. 985. New York, 1902.

D.G. Hogarth, The Nearer East, pp. 84, 166. London, 1902.

J. Naken, Die Provinz Kwangtung und ihre Bevölkerung, Petermanns Geographische Mittheilungen, Vol. 24, pp. 409, 420. 1878. Ferdinand von Richthofen, China, Vol. I, pp. 568-569. Berlin, 1877. Cathay and the Way Thither, Vol. I, p. lxxviii. Hakluyt Society, London, 1866.

Ratzel, History of Mankind, Vol. I, p. 397. London, 1896-1898. Philippine Census, Vol. I, pp. 438, 481-491. Washington, 1905.

Stanford's Australasia, Vol. II, pp. 103, 121, 126-135, 196. London, 1894. Helmolt, History of the World, Vol. II, p. 547. New York, 1902-1906.

Ibid., Vol. III, pp. 431, 434. Vol. II, p. 603.

Roscher, National-Oekonomik des Handels und Gewerbefleisses, pp. 78-79, 99-100. Stuttgart, 1899. Capt. A.T. Mahan, Influence of Sea Power upon History, pp. 26-28. Boston, 1902.