Influences of Geographic Environment / On the Basis of Ratzel's System of Anthropo-Geography

by Ellen Churchill Semple

Roscher, National-oekonomik des Ackerbaues, p. 33, note 3. Stuttgart, 1888.

Captain A.T. Mahan, Influence of Sea Power upon History, pp. 41-42, 50-53. Boston, 1902.

H. Bancroft, History of California, Vol. I, pp. 298, 628-635. San Francisco.

Agnes Laut, Vikings of the Pacific, pp. 64-82. New York, 1905.

Bunbury, History of Ancient Geography, Vol. II, pp. 351, 470-471. London, 1883.

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Chapter II—Classes Of Geographic Influences

Into almost every anthropo-geographical problem the element of environment enters in different phases, with different modes of operation and varying degrees of importance. Since the causal conception of geography demands a detailed analysis of all the relations between environment and human development, it is advisable to distinguish the various classes of geographic influences.