Aristotle, Politics, Book II, chap. 8.

Ratzel, History of Mankind, Vol. I, 297-299. London, 1896-1898.

Ibid., Vol. I, Map, p. 145, pp. 234, 251.

Ibid., Vol. I, pp. 204-214.

Justus Perthes, Taschen Atlas, p. 67. Gotha, 1910.

Ibid., p. 60.

Ibid., p. 37.

Ibid., p. 51.

Ibid., pp. 37, 67.

Lippincott's New Gazetteer of the World, Madeira and Azores.